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Civil rights/liberty
Civil rights/liberti
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| • Establishment Clause- | prohibits the establishment of a church officially supported be the national government |
| • Free Exercise Clause- | national government can’t prohibit people from practicing the religion of their choice |
| • Lemon Test- | government aid has to be non-religious, couldn’t advance or inhibit religion, must avoid excessive entanglement with religion |
| • Oregon v. Smith- | arrested 2 guys for doing peyote |
| • Gitlow v. New York- | speech can be limited if it might lead to evil |
| • Privacy- | not explicitly found in the constitution |
| • Court’s stance on abortion, including decisions on the Pennsylvania law discussed in class- | pre-abortion counseling, 24 hr waiting period, under 18 needs parental or judicial permission |
| • Gideon v. Wainright | right to an attorney |
| • Miranda Rights | rights they read you when you are arrested |
| • Mapp v. Ohio | policy forbidding the admission at trial of illegally seized evidence was created |
| • Dred Scott | slaves were not US citizens, and Missouri compromise was unconstitutional • Know the things that technically ended slavery-emancipation proclamation, 13th & 14th amendment |
| • Civil Rights Acts of 1865-1875- effective? Why or why not? | no, courts decided that discriminatory acts of private citizens were not illegal |
| • Separate But Equal Doctrine | doctrine holding that separate but equal facilities do not violate the equal protection clause |
| • Understand techniques used to prevent African Americans from voting | -white primary(whites only), grandfather clause (if your grandfather could vote before 1867 & can prove it), poll taxes, literacy laws |
| • Lincoln’s intent with the Emancipation Proclamation- | to gain voters |
| • De Jure- | occurs because of laws or administrative decisions by public agencies |
| • De Facto segregation | occurs because of past social & economic conditions & residential racial patterns |
| • School Integration/Busing | -forced integration of schools where they bused children in from various locations |
| • Brown cases- | o 1951- Browns 8 yr old daughter was forced to travel further to go to a non-white school o 1954- unanimous decision saying that segregation in public schools violated equal protection o 1955- made sure that all African American would be admitted to sch |
| • Beginning of the Civil Rights movement- what started it?- | Rosa Parks was the first to take a stand and be noticed, and caused the act to gain momentum and weight |
| • Civil Disobedience- | a non-violent, public refusal to obey allegedly unjust laws |
| • Civil Rights Act of 1964- | o Most effective & comprehensive o Outlawed voter discrimination o No discrimination in public accommodations o Federal government sue to make you desegregate public schools/facilities |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | o Expanded power of civil rights commission o Withhold federal funds from programs that discriminate o Established right to equality of opportunity in employment |
| • Voting Rights Act of 1965- | o Outlawed voter-registration tests o Have to follow federal rules regarding registration & voting procedures |
| • Founding Fathers stance on women’s right to vote- | it was unnecessary and foolish |
| • Woman’s Suffrage Association | improvement in economic & social situations of women |
| • First political movement women were involved with- | abolishment of slavery |
| • The Congressional Union- | o Strategy To adopt an amendment to the constitution Large scale marches Civil disobedience Hunger strikes Many were arrested/jailed o Result-1920 the 19th amendment was passed |
| • Women’s divisive issues- | some were more extreme than others, so they were constantly bickering over things such as extreme feminism and abortion |
| • Equal Pay Act of 1963- purpose | - Women and men must get equal pay |
| • Affirmative Action, what is it?, current state- | a policy that gives special attention or compensatory treatment to traditionally disadvantaged groups |
| • Reverse Discrimination- | the charge that an affirmative action program discriminates against those who did not have minority status |
| • Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)- | o Didn’t rule against affirmative action o Race can be a factor in admissions o Race cannot be sole factor for granting admission |
| • ADA- | o All public buildings and public services be accessible o Employers must accommodate needs o Car rental companies must make accommodations o Telephone companies must pass messages |
| ADA restrictions | o Does not require that unqualified applicants with disabilities be hired or retained |
| • Sutton v. United Airlines, Inc.- | If a disability can be corrected, it isn’t a disability |
| • Gay rights in the 70’s and 80’s | courts were more sympathetic towards gays and lesbians |
| • Bowers v. Hardwick- | courts upheld a Georgia law making homosexual conduct illegal |
| • Oregon’s Death With Dignity Act- | may be assisted in death by a licensed physician, must have 2 witnesses (one of whom is not family), and mental health must be evaluated |
| • Defense of Marriage Act of 1996 | -bans federal recognition of lesbian and gay couples and allows state government to ignore same-sex marriage performed in other states |
| • Know the things that technically ended slavery- | emancipation proclamation, 13th & 14th amendment |
Created by:
Emily Ann
Popular American Government sets