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Clinical Proc. Final
Final review, surgical instruments
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pulmonologist or pneumologist treat diseases of: | the lower pulmonary or respiratory diseases |
| Upper airway consists of the: | Nose, pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity |
| Lower airway consists of: | lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm |
| Gas exchange takes place in the which structure of the respiratory system? | Alveoli |
| COPD (chronic obstructive lung disease) is defined as: | a collective name for progressive steadily worsening airway blockage. |
| Pain in the RUQ (right upper quadrant) may suggest: | gallbladder problems (gallstones, cholecystitis) |
| Pain in the RLQ (right lower quadrant may indicate: | appendicitis |
| Pain in the lower back or flank region may suggest: | kidney disease (infection, stones, polycystic kidney disease) |
| Patients with acute abdominal pain should avoid the following unless ordered by the physician: | pain medication, foods, drinks |
| If there is a need for anesthesia the patient should be kept _____ status. | NPO |
| hypoglycemia is when blood sugar drops below: | 70mg/dL |
| Asthma is characterized by | SOB, wheezing, productive or nonproductive cough,is often triggered by an allergen |
| Legionellosis is characterized by: | pneumonia-like symptoms, diarrhea, confusion. |
| How is Legionellosis spread? | Ventilation systems, spas, cooling towers, showers |
| The female reproductive system consists of the following structures: | ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, cervix |
| The outer lips of the vagina are known as: | Labia majora |
| The inner smaller lips in the female are known as: | Labia minora |
| The first milk is known as: | colostrum |
| Normal menstruation is based on how many days? | 28 day cycles |
| Ovulation is stimulated by a peak or surge of this hormone: | LH (luteinizing hormone) |
| Common methods of contraception include: | Oral contraceptive pills, hormonal implants, intradermal patches, Norplant, Nuvaring, Depo-provera, IUD, BTL |
| Measuring the fundal height estimates: | The number of weeks of gestation (each cm correlates with 1 week) |
| Important information in the obstetrical history includes: | LMP, age of onset of menses (menarche), frequency and duration of menstrual periods and estimated amount of blood loss during periods and pain, gravida, para, STD Hx, last pap and mammogram among others |
| Chlamydia is an STD that presents with these symptoms: | may be asymptomatic or present with a mucoid discharge. |
| This is the most common cause of PID (pelvic inflammatory disease. | Chlamydia |
| Gonorrhea presents with the following symptoms: | Purulent discharge, dysuria, or may be asymptomatic. |
| This STD is characterized with painful blister or vesicles on the genitals: | Herpes |
| Genital Herpes is caused by this virus: | Herpes simplex type II |
| Hysterectomy is defined as: | removal of the uterus |
| Common diagnostic test obtained in an OB/GYN appoitment include: | Urinalysis, Glucose, Glucose tolerance test, pap smear, Quad screen, urine protein, HIV, syphilis |
| The use of OCP (oral contraceptive pills) and smoking can increase your risk of: | blood clots |
| A condition of nausea/vomiting often the first sign of pregnancy is known as: | Hyperemesis gravidarum |
| Vaginal bleeding, severe pain in pelvic area occuring during early pregnancy is suggestive of: | Ectopic pregnancy |
| A toxemia of mild form with absence of convulsions is known as: | Preeclampsia |
| A toxemia of severe form involving convulsions is known as: | Eclampsia |
| A condition most commonly caused by chlamydia that presents with fever, chills, foul-smelling discharge, severe pelvic pain is known as: | PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) |
| Bleeding caused by displased endometrial tissue is known as: | Endometriosis |
| HPV is knwon to be associated with this type of cancer: | Cervical cancer |
| Green-yellown discharge caused by a motile organism is suggestive of: | Trichomoniasis |
| Genital warts is caused by this virus: | HPV |
| The STD that produces painless chancre is known as: | Syphilis |
| The STD that causes painful, burning, itching blisters or vesicles is known as: | Genital herpes |
| This test is useful in the screening of gestational diabetes: | Glucose tolerance test |
| This blood test screens for neural tube defects (Spina bifida) | AFT (alphafetoprotein) |
| Cryocautery or cryotherapy is defined as: | cellular destruction by cold (usually liquid nitrogen) |
| Cryptherapy can be used to treat these lesions: | Warts |
| Involuntary muscle contractions that result from abnormal cerebral stimulation are known as: | Seizures |
| When a person is seizing you should: | move them carefully to the floor, move any furniture or object out of the way, and remain with them. |
| CVA (cerebral vascular accident is also known as: | stroke |
| Signs and symptoms of a stroke include: | unilateral paralysis, impaired or slurred speech, confusion, facial droop, arm drift, loss of balance,coordination, LOC. |
| If a finger is accidentally amputated you should do the following: | wrap it in sterile gauze that has been soaked in saline solution, then place it in a plastic bag, then place the plastic bag in ice. |
| In case of a foreign object or chemical gets in the eye the first thing you should do is: | apply sterile wash across the eye or if not available running tap water |
| The most important question to initally ask a depressed parient is: | if you have ever thought of hurting themselves (suicide) |
| Heat stroke occurs when the body temp. reaches: | 105 F or higher |
| Heat exhaustion occurs as a result of: | loss of sodium/water, and the patient is usually reponsive |
| The medical term for nosebleeds is: | epistaxis |
| Arterial blood flow is usually characterized by: | copious, rapid, and bright red blood. |
| Venous blood is described as: | more slowly compared to arterial blood, blood is darker. |
| A lesion where the skin and underlying tissues are torn is known as: | Laceration |
| A cut with smooth edges made with a sharp object such as a knife is known as: | incision |
| scraping of the outer layer of the skin is known as: | abrasion |
| This is used to prevent contamination of a recent wound or surgical site, support and immobilize injured extremities, and used to apply pressure to slow or stop bleeding. | Bandages anchor dressings |
| In carbon monoxide poisining the treatment may include: | supplemental oxygen/hyperbaric oxygen (in severe) |
| This substance is used after emesis to reduce a toxic substance from be absorbed: | Activated charcoal |
| The organs of the urinary system include: | Kidneys, ureters(2), urinary bladder, urethra |
| BPH stands for: | Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| Prostatitis is defined as: | inflammation of the prostate, it may be bacterial or noninfectious. |
| Prostate cancer is screened or detected by: | DRE (digital rectal exam), and PSA (blood test) |
| Urethritis is defined as: | inflammation of the urethra. |
| Urethritis is caused by: | Infection by bacteria (eg E. coli, STD such as gonorrhea) |
| Urinary catheterization is performed with this type of catheter: | Foley |
| A clean catch can be obtained by instruction the patient to: | wipe the area around the urethra with towelettes, urinate in the toilet, and catch the mid-stream of the urine. |
| Urinalysis can measure the following values: | Appearance, odor, pH, specific gravity, protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, blood, leukocytes, nitrite, Leukocyte esterase |
| The most common reasons to perform a urinary catheterization is: | relief of urinary retention, the need for sterile sample, or to instill a medication into the bladder. |
| Microalbumin is used to detect: | early renal disease |
| The symptoms of prostatitis include: | fever, chills, rectal, low back or perineal pain, dysuria. |
| The symptoms of BPH include: | frequent urination, difficulty starting, decreased urine stream, dribbling |
| ED (erectile dysfunction) is defined as: | inability to maintain erection with stimulation and maintain it for ejaculation. |
| ED is caused by: | Vascular disease, nerve damage that innervate the penis, damage to spinal cord, long term diabetes. |
| Urianry crystal are used to: | examine the composition of renal stones. |
| The treatment options for end stage renal disease are: | dialysis, renal transplant |
| Peak flows are used to: | measure the maximum ability to exhale. Often used in asthamtics. |
| Crash carts contain some of the following: | oxygen tank, airways of different sizes, Ambu bags, IV fluids, Nasal canunula, Alcohol preps, IV tubing, bulb syringe, |
| The emergency guidelines ABCD stands for: | Airway, breathing, circulation, defibrillation. |
| The AHA guidelines for CPR for ratio of breaths to compression are: | 2 rescue breaths for 30 compressions |
| Heimlich maneuver is used to: | remove a foreign object that is obstructing the airway |
| True or false: You should perform a blin finger sweep in a chocking patient | False: Never! |
| Pulmonary edema is defined as: | fluid accumulation in the lungs. |
Created by:
bismark
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