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Clin Lab Proced.10
Homework Packet #10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A ________________ is a rod-shaped bacterium. | Bacillus (Bacilli) |
| A defined mass of bacteria assumed to have grown from a single organism is called a _______________. | Colony |
| _______________ bacteria require special nutritional factors to survive. | Fastidious |
| A culture is the growth of microorganisms in a special ________________. | Medium |
| Bacteria that lose the crystal violet stain and retain the safranin in the Gram stain procedure are designated _______________. | Gram Negative |
| A _______________ is another name for a spherical bacterium. | Coccus |
| Organisms that will grow only in the absence of oxygen are referred to as _______________ organisms. | Anaerobic |
| Normal _______________ are microorganisms that are normally present in a specific site. | Flora |
| An organism or agent that is capable of causing disease in a host is a _______________ and the condition caused by their growth is an _______________. | Pathogen/Infection |
| _______________ is the seaweed derivative used to solidify microbiological media. | Agar |
| An _______________ is a mass of bacteria transferred from one medium to another, while the process of transferring a population of microorganisms to a medium is ________________. | Inoculum/Inoculation |
| A bacteriological medium that detects certain chemical reactions of organisms growing on it is called an _______________ medium. | Indicator |
| A _______________ is one-fourth of an agar plate. | Quadrant |
| A _______________ medium is used to recover an organism from infectious material. | Primary |
| Bacteria are streaked on an agar plate using a(n) _______________. | Inoculating loop |
| A dye that adds a contrasting color is a _______________. | Counter stain |
| A _______________ is a substance that fixes a dye or stain to an object. | Mordant |
| _______________ paper is the special absorbent paper used to dry microscope slides after staining. | Bibulous |
| Before disposal, all bacteriological specimens and materials must be sterilized by __________________. | Autoclave |
| To prepare a smear of microorganisms on a swab, a clean _____________________ is labeled and the swab is gently rolled across its surface. | Microscope slide |
| During the preparation of a bacteriological smear, the film on the slide must be completely dry before the smear is _________________. | Heat fixed |
| The _______________ is the most frequently performed stain in the bacteriology laboratory. | Gram Stain |
| List the four substances used in the Gram stain process, in order, and list each one's purpose. | Substance/Purpose Primary Stain (Crystal Violet)/Stain Gram's Iodine/Mordant Alcohol Acetone/Decolorizer Safranin/Counter stain |
| When viewed under the microscope on a stained smear, Escherichia coli will appear ________________ in color and is designated as gram- _________________. | Pink-red/Negative |
| Staphylococcus aureus is a gram- ________________ organism. | Positive |
| The destruction of RBCs resulting in the release of hemoglobin from the cells is called _______________. | Hemolysis |
| Pharyngeal is having to do with the _______________, or pharynx. | Back of the throat |
| Group A Streptococcus is just one of several _______________ groups of streptococci, and Streptococcus pyogenes belongs to group _______________. | Lancefield/A |
| An untreated group A Streptococcus infection can result in serious complications, especially for those under the age of _______________. | 25 |
| Confirmation of a group A Streptococcus can be made either by identifying the organism after growing in culture or by performing a rapid _______________ test. | Immunoassay |
| When performing the throat swab, the technician must avoid touching the inside of the mouth or the ________________. | Tongue |
| The growth of most streptococci is enhanced by incubation in an increased concentration of ________________. | CO2 - Carbon Dioxide |
| _______________ is the medium used to culture a throat swab. | Blood agar |
| One of the most frequently requested tests in the bacteriology laboratory is the _______________ culture, used to confirm or rule out urinary tract infection or ___________. | Urine/UTI |
| A _______________ is the method of estimating the number of organisms in urine by enumerating the colonies in a culture. | Colony Count |
| The number of colonies counted is multiplied by ________________ if a 0.01 mL inoculating loop was used to streak the culture plate. | 100 |
| For a colony count, the specimen is inoculated to a _______________ plate. | Blood agar |
| Urine is inoculated to EMB or MAC, which supports the growth of gram-negative organisms and inhibits the growth of _______________ organisms. | Gram-Positive |
| The microorganism most commonly responsible for a UTI is _______________, but a gram-positive organism frequently found as a causative agent in UTI is _________________. | E. Coli/Staphylococcus |
| The specimen required for a urine culture is a __________________ urine specimen. | Clean catch |
| The catalase test differentiates between Streptococcus sp. and ________________ sp., while the test that differentiates between Staphylococcus aureus and other Staphylococcus species is the ________________ test. | Staph/Coagulase |
| _______________ is the abbreviation for minimum inhibitory concentration. | MIC |
| Gram-negative organisms will grown on BA, EMB, and MAC but gram-positive will not grown on ___________ or __________. | MAC or EMB |
| Coliform bacteria includes the gram-negative intestinal bacteria including ________________. | Eschericha Coli (E. Coli) |
| The Gram stain reveals the gram reaction of a bacteria and reveals or confirms the shape, or ________________. Some bacteria have varied shapes and are called _______________. | Morphology/Pleomorphic or Pleomorphs |
| ____________________ testing should be performed to be sure that causative agents are not resistant to antibiotics, and to determine the best antibiotic for the treatment of a particular infection. | Antibiotic Susceptibility |
| _______________ is the chemical that is derived from the resin of the Guaiacum tree and is used in the occult blood test. | Guaiac |
| Something that is cancerous is not benign, but it is instead ________________. | Malignant |
| _______________ is another word for something that is concealed or hidden. | Occult |
| The fecal occult blood test detects amounts of blood too small to be _______________, and detects bleeding in the ________________ tract. | Visable/GI |
| The fecal occult blood test is widely used as a screening test for _______________ cancer. | Colon |
| In the guaiac fecal occult blood test, a false positive test can be caused by the enzyme _________________, which is found in foods such as turnips and horseradish. | Peroxidase |
| Excess vitamin C can inhibit the reaction in the guaiac test and cause a false _______________ test reaction. | Negative |
| The Hemoccult ICT test uses an __________________ reaction to detect hemoglobin in the fecal specimen, and detects the _______________ portion of hemoglobin. | Immuno chemical/Globin |
| In the guaiac test, it is the _______________ in the hemoglobin that catalyzes the reaction to form a blue color. | Iron |
| The developer solution used in guaiac test contains _______________. | Hydrogen Peroxide |
| AEROBIC | An organism that requires oxygen. |
| ANAEROBIC | An organism growing in the absence of oxygen. |
| BACILLUS | A rod-shaped bacterium. |
| COCCUS | S spherical bacterium. |
| COMMUNICABLE | Able to be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another. |
| CULTURE | The process of growing microorganisms in the laboratory. |
| FISSION (BINARY FISSION) | Reproductive process in which the parent cell divides into two identical independent cells. |
| GRAM NEGATIVE | Designation for bacteria that lose the crystal violet and retain the safranin in the Gram stain procedure. |
| GRAM POSITIVE | Designation for bacteria that retain the crystal violet in the Gram stain procedure. |
| HOST | The organism from which a parasite obtains nutrients and in which some or part of the parasite's life cycle is completed. |
| HYPHAE | Filaments of a mold that make up the mycelium. |
| MEDIUM | A substance used to provide nutrients for growing microorganisms. |
| MYCELIUM | The mass of hyphae that makes up the vegetative body of molds. |
| MYCOSIS | An infection caused by fungi. |
| NORMAL FLORA | Microorganisms that are normally present at the specific site. |
| OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGEN | A microorganism that causes disease in the host only when normal defense mechanisms are impaired or absent. |
| PROGENY | Offspring or descendants. |
| ZONE OF INHIBITION | In the antibiotic susceptibility test, the are around an antibiotic disk that contains no bacterial growth. |
| AGAR | A seaweed derivative used to solidify microbiological media. |
| ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE | Work practices used to prevent contamination when working with microorganisms. |
| HEPA FILTER | High-efficiency particulate air filter used in biological safety cabinets. |
| INDICATOR MEDIUM | A bacteriological medium that detects certain chemical reactions of organisms growing on it. |
| INOCULATION | The process of transferring a population of microorganisms to a growth medium. |
| INOCULUM | A mass of bacteria being transferred from one medium to another. |
| PRIMARY MEDIUM | A medium that provides nutritional requirements for an organism and is used to recover the organism from infectious material. |
| SELECTIVE MEDIUM | A bacteriological medium that allows growth of some organisms while inhibiting the growth of others. |
| TRANSPORT MEDIUM | Medium that provides the proper environment for organisms during transport to the laboratory. |
| BIBULOUS PAPER | A special absorbent paper used to dry slides. |
| FOSSAE | In the throat, shallow depressions where the tonsils were located before surgical removal. |
| MIC - MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION | Minimum concentration of an antibiotic required to inhibit the growth of a microorganism. |
| PLEOMORPHIC | Having varied shapes. |
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