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m6 Respiratory Vocab

QuestionAnswer
What is apnea? Cessation of breathing after expiration.
What is the primary branch of the trachea that leads to the lung? The "Bronchus".
What is "cellular respiration"? The utilization of 02 by the cells to produce energy(ATP), CO2, and H2O.
What do you call the echange of gases between alveoli and blood? An "external respiration".
What is "hypoxemia"? It is the deficiency of O2 in arterial blood.
What do you call the deficiency of O2 reaching cells and tissues? Its called "Hypoxia".
What is "internal respiration"? It is the exchange of gases between the blood and tissues(body cells).
What do you call the process of mechanically moving air into and out of the lungs? Its called "Pulmonary Ventilation".
What is "Surface Tension"? It is the force that adheres moist membranes due to the attraction of water molecules.
What are "Nasal Conchae"? They are bones that curl out from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity. Increases surface area as well as supports the mucous membrane which line the cavity.
Explain the "Mucous Membrane" that lines the nasal cavity. It sontains pseudostratified ciliated epithelium rich in goblet cells(mucous secreting cells). It warms and mostens the air while cilia traps Debris.
What are the "Olfactory Receptor Cells"? They are cells for smelling.
What do "Eustachian tubes" do? They open into the nasopharynx. They provide a connection to the middle ear. It permits equalization between the external and middle ear.
What is the "Larynx" and what does it house? It is your voice box and it houses your vocal chords.
What structure is lined with ciliated mucous membranes and goblet cells which filters air, traps particles, and move the debris toward the pharynx? Note: Its main purpose is to conduct air into the lungs. The "Trachea".
At what level do the right and left primary bronchi come off the trachea? The fifth thoracic vertebra.
How many branches do each primary bronchi divide into? The right side has 3 branches, the left side has 2. Note: These are one for each lobe of the lung.
What causes "asthma" and other respiratory problems? The spasm and constriction of the muscles in the bronchi and bronchioles.
Where does "gas exchange" take place? In the alveoli.
How does an "Alveoli" work? 02 diffuses through the walls of the alveoli. O2 diffuses into the capillary blood and CO2 diffused out.
When do "Alveoli" inflate? During inhalation. During exhalation they deflate.
What is "Surfactant"? It reduces the surface tension in the alveoli making it easier to expand them during inhalation and preventing sticking during exhalation. This substance is synthesized by certain alveolar cells.
What are the sizes of the lungs compared to eachother? The right lung is thicker and broader, but somewhat shorter because the diaphragm is higher on the right side to accomodate the liver.
Which way does the "diaphragm" conract and move? Downward.
What happens to a patient with a spinal chord above nerve C-3? Paralysis of inspiratory muscles.
(TV) Tidal Volume normal breath volume. 500 mL.
(IRV) Inspiratory Reserve Volume The amount of air that can be inspired beyond normal tidal volume. 3000-3300 mL.
(RV) Residual Volume This is the amount of air remaining in your lungs after maximum forced expiration. 100 mL.
(ERV) Expiratory Reserve Volume Max air that can be expired beyond normal tidal expiration during forced expiration. 1100-1200 mL.
Vital Capacity (TV) + (IRV) + (ERV). Max air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible)
Location of the respiratory center The Medulla Oblongata which is located in brainstem.
The Pons The pneumotaxic area and responsible for rate of breathing.
What are 3 factors that cause increased release of O2 from the oxyhemoglobin? 1. Higher concentration of CO2 in blood. 2. Higher body temperature. 3. The lower the pH(more acidic).
Which fluid has higher partial pressure for CO2 and lower partial pressure for O2? Venous Capillary Blood
Created by: paulgrant
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