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m6 Lymphatic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Lymphatic Capillaries | Extend into interstitial spaces forming complex networks that parallel those of blood capillaries. |
| Lymphatic Ducts | Two vessels that drain fluid into the venous system and are formed from the merging of the lymphatic trunks. |
| Hydrostatic pressure | movies fluid into lymph capillaries |
| How does lymph move? | breathing and dkeletal muscle and smooth muscle in the lymphatic trunk walls contract moving fluid forward. Valves in vessells prevent back flow. |
| Thymus | A bi-lobed organ composed of lymphatic tissue encased in connective tissue. Releases thymosin with stimulates maturation of T calls. This is where T-Cells "grow up" |
| Spleen | Filters blood instead of lymph. White pulp contains lymphocytes. Red: Surround venous vessels. Blood is filtered in this space. |
| 1st line of defense | Hair, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract lining, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. |
| 2nd line of defense | Chemical barriers. Gastric juice. Tears. Salts from perspiration. Interferons. Fever. Inflammation. Heat. Pus. Pain. Phagocytosis. |
| Interferons | Enhance ability of other defense mechanisms. Stimulate protein synthesis that is responsible for blocking replication of viruses. |
| Phagocytosis | Removes foreign particles from the lymph and blood. Leukocytes and macrophages. |
| 3rd Line of defense | immunity and resistance. |
| T-Cell | Secretes cytokines that enhance cellular response to antigens. Secretes frowth inhibiting factors that prevent cell growth. Secretes interferon that inhibits the proliferation of viruses and tumor cells. |
| Suppressor T-Cell | Stops attack. Differentiate into killer t-cells with subsequent exposure. |
| Helper T-Cells | Activate b-cells to produce antibodies |
| B-Cell | formed in red bone marrow. Respond to antigens through use of antibodies. |
| Primary immune response(first attack by pathogen) | B-cells and t-cells activated after encountering antigen. Antibodies released. 5-10 days for blood detectable levels. Production continues for several weeks. Some b-cells remain dormant as memory cells. |
| Secondary immune response(another attack by previous pathogen) | Antigen encountered by memory cell. B-cell enlarges and prodcues many anti-bodies. 1-2 days for detectable levels. |
| Active immunity(artificial) | (immunity gained through a vaccine) |
| Passive immunity(natural) | (immunity given through umbilical cord) |
| Passive immunity(artificial) | (immunity given through an anti-serum) |
| Isoimmunity | (pregnancy, organ transplant)mediated by immunosuppressive drugs. |
| Autoimmunity | Body attacks itself |
Created by:
paulgrant
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