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Speech Anatomy
Physiology of Articulation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Airstream directions | ingressive (in) vs. eggresive (out) |
| Airstream mechanisms | pulmonic, esophageal, glottal and velar |
| Eggresive pulmonic: | normal talking |
| Ingressive pulmonic: | talking while bringing air in (vocal folds STILL vibrate) |
| Eggresive esophageal: | burping speech |
| Eggresive glottalic: | air escapes when closed glottis is raised- used in ejectives of African and Native American languages |
| Ingressive glottalic: | air pushed in when closed glottis is lowered- these stops are called implosives and are used in India and Pakistan |
| Eggresive velaric: | tongue is raised and air escapes- Donald Duck speech |
| Ingressive velaric: | tongue moves and as air flows inward it creates the "clicking" sound used in many African languages |
| Four primary stages of swallowing: | oral preparatory, oral, pharyngeal and esophageal |
| What happens in the oral preparatory stage of swallowing? | chewing of food, forming a bolus, raising the tongue posteriorly |
| What happens in the oral stage of swallowing? | tongue drops down and pulls back to move the bolus toward the faucial pillars |
| What happens in the pharyngeal stage of swallowing? | 1)soft palate elevates and closes the nasopharynx 2)respiration ceases 3)vocal folds close 4)false vocal folds adduct 5)epiglottis folds down |
| What happens in the esophageal stage of swallowing? | esophageal sphincter opens (involuntary) |
Created by:
deezer
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