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Axial Skeleton
Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The axial skeleton has how many bones? | 80 |
| The axial skeleton consists of the.... | Skull, vertebral Column, Hyoid, & Bony Thorax |
| Lies inferior to the mandible, acts as a movable base for the tongue, the only bone with no direct articulation with any other bone | Hyoid Bone |
| The hyoid bone is made up of the.... | 2 Greater Horns, 2 Lesser Horns, & the Body |
| The vertebral column is made up of how many bones? | 26 bones in an adult |
| Surrounds and protects the spinal cord, transmits weight of the trunk to the lower extremeties, also the attachment sites for muscles of the neck & back | Vertebral Column |
| 5 Regions of the Vertebral Column | Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, & Coccyx |
| C1-C7; 7 vertebrae of the neck region | Cervical Region |
| T1-T12; 12 vertebrae of the ________ | Thoracic Region |
| L1-L5; 5 vertebrae of the lower back | Lumbar Region |
| Inferior to the lumbar vertebrae and superior to the coccyx | Sacrum |
| Most inferior region of the vertebral column | Coccyx |
| Cushion-like pads between the vertebrae fibrocartilage, act as shock absorbers and compose about 25% of the height of the vertebral column | Intervertebral Discs |
| How many curvatures does the vertebral column have? | 4 |
| The concave curvatures of the vertebral column from the posterolateral view | Cervical & Lumbar Curvatures |
| The convex curvatures of the vertebral column from the posterolateral view | Thoracic & Sacral Curvatures |
| The smallest and lightest vertebrae | C1-C7; the Cervical Vertebrae |
| Other name of the C1? | Atlas |
| Other name of the C2? | Axis |
| Vertebra that supports the skull and allows for flexion & extension of the neck | C1 (Atlas) |
| Vertebra that allows for rotating of the head from side to side, Dens projects superiorly | C2 (Axis) |
| Projects superiorly and acts as a pivot for rotation of the atlas and skull | Dens (Odontoid Process) |
| These vertebrae all articulate with the 12 pairs of ribs | T1-T12; Thoracic Vertebrae |
| Bodies are thick and robust | L1-L5; Lumbar Vertebrae |
| Shapes the posterior wall of the pelvis, superior surface articulates with L5, inferior surface articulates with the coccyx | Sacrum |
| the Tailbone, most inferior part of the vertebral column | Coccyx |
| Forms the framework of the chest, protects the thoracic organs, supports shoulder girdle and upper limbs | Bony Thorax |
| Components of the Bony Thorax | Thoracic Vertebrae Ribs Sternum and Costal Cartilage |
| Breastbone, made up of three sections | Sternum |
| Superior section that articulates with the medial ends of the clavicles | Manubrium |
| Bulk of the sternum, sides are notched at articulations for the costal cartilage of ribs 2-7 | Body (of sternum) |
| Inferior end of the sternum that ossifies around age 40 | Xiphoid Process |
| Attach to the sternum anteriorly and the vertebral column posteriorly, 12 pairs | Ribs |
| Superior 7 pairs of ribs that attach to the sternum directly with costal cartilage | True Ribs |
| Inferior 5 pairs of ribs that attach to the sternum indirectly | False Ribs |
| Part of the false ribs that do not attach to the sternum at all, inferior two pairs of ribs | Floating Ribs |
Created by:
sbarton
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