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Living Anatomy
forearm & hand
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| muscles of forearm supination and pronation | supination-biceps brachii, supinator, brachioradialis (assists) pronation-pronator teres, pronator quadratus, brachioradialis (assists) |
| elbow extension & flexion | flexion-biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris (assists), palmaris longus, pronator teres (assists), extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis (assists) extension-triceps brachii, anconeus |
| wrist extension/flexion | radiocarpal joint extension-extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum flexion-flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus |
| wrist adduction/abduction | abduction-radial deviation-extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis, flexor carpi radialis adduction-ulnar deviation-extensor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi ulnaris |
| hand and finger extension of 2nd-5th fingers | mp, pip, dip joints-extensor digitorum, extensor indicis (2nd) |
| flexion of 2nd-5th fingers | mp, pip, dip joints-flexor digitorum superficialis & profundus, flexor digitorum mimimi brevis (5th) |
| thumb flexion | 1st cmp, mp joint flexor pollicis longus & brevis, abductor pollicis |
| thumb extension | extensor pollicis longus & brevis, abductor pollicis longus |
| thumb opposition | opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis (assists), abductor pollicis brevis (assists) |
| structures that pass through the carpal tunnel | median nerve, flexor digitorum superficialis & profundus, flexor pollicis longus |
| 3 retinacula | palmar carpal ligament, flexor retinaculum, extensor retinaculum hold tendons in place, provide leverage as the f(x) as pulleys |
| superficial muscles of the forearm-anterior | flexor carpi radialis, pronator teres, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, (brachioradialis), (flexor digitorum superficialis) |
| pronator teres | a-pronate radioulnar joint at proximal end, assists in elbow flexion o-medial epicondyle of humerus i-middle lateral surface of the radius |
| flexor carpi radialis | a-flex wrist at radiocarpal joint, abduct the wrist, assists in elbow flexion o-medial epicondyle of humerus i-bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals |
| palmaris longus | a-flexes hand and tenses palmar aponeurosis o-medial epicondyle of humerus i-flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis |
| flexor carpi ulnaris | a-flex the wrist at radiocarpal joint, adduct the wrist, assist elbow flexion o-medial epicondyle of humerus i-pisiform bone, by tendon to hamate and base of fifth metacarpal |
| flexor digitorum superficialis | a-flexes 2nd -5th fingers at pip, mp, and cmc o-volar forearm i-by 4 tendons to the sides of the middle phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers |
| deep layers of forearm-anterior | flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus, flexor pollicis longus (supinator-on back) |
| flexor digitorum profundus | a-flex the fingers at dip, pip, mp, cmc o-volar forearm i-by 4 tendons to the sides of the base of the distal phalanges of the 2nd - 5th fingers |
| pronator quadratus | a-pronate the forearm radioulnar joints at distal end o-medial anterior surface of distal ulna i-distal radius |
| flexor pollicis longus | a-flexion of IP, by continued action of flexion of thumb and wrist joints proximal to this o-middle of anterior surface of radius and interosseus membrane i-base of distal phalanx |
| dorsal forearm muscles-superficial | brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris, (anconeus) |
| brachioradialis | a-flexion of radiohumeral joint, assist in supination and pronation when these actions are resisted o-lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus i-styloid process of radius |
| extensor carpi radialis longus | a-extend the wrist at radiocarpal joint, abduct the wrist, assist to flex the elbow o-lateral epicondyle of humerus i-base of 2nd metacarpal |
| extensor carpi radialis brevis | a-extend the wrist at radiocarpal joint, abduct the wrist, assist elbow flexion o-lateral epicondyle of humerus i-base of 3rd metacarpal |
| extensor digitorum | a-extend the 2nd-5th fingers (mp, pip, dip joints) o-lateral epicondyle of humerus i-middle and distal phalanges of 2nd -5th fingers |
| extensor carpi ulnaris | a-extend wrist at radiocarpal joint, adduct the wrist o-lateral epicondyle of humerus i-base of 5th metacarpal |
| muscles of posterior forearm-deep | abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, supinator, extensor pollicis longus, (extensor indicis) |
| supinator | a-supinate the forearm radioulnar joint o-radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, supinator crest of the ulna i-lateral surface of proximal shaft of the radius |
| extensor pollicis longus | a-extend the thumb (ip joint) o-posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane i-distal phalange of thumb |
| extensor pollicis brevis | a-extend the thumb (interphalangeal jt), assist to extend the thumb (mp, cmc jts) o-posterior surface of radius, and interosseus membrane i-proximal phalange of thumb |
| abductor pollicis longus | a-abduct the thumb (carpometacarpal joint), extend the thumb (carpometacarpal jt) o-posterior surface of radius and ulna, and interosseous membrane i-base of first metacarpal |
| extensor indicis | a-extend the second finger (metacarpophalangeal jt), assist adduct second finger o-posterior surface of distal shaft of ulna and interosseus membrane i-tendon of extensor digitorum at level of second metacarpal |
| anconeus | a-extend the elbow humeroulnar joint o-lateral epicondyle of humerus i-olecranon process and lateral edge of ulnar shaft |
Created by:
lamsee
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