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--Muscles--
Muscles of the head neck and spine
| Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| - Frontal belly | |||
| - Posterior belly Galae aponeurotica (anteriorly) Occipital and temporal bones (posteriorly) Skin of eyebrows and root of nose (anteriorly) | |||
| Galae aponeurotica | |||
| (posteriorly) Elevates eyebrow, wrinkles forehead skin horizontally (frontalis); | |||
| Fixes galae aponeurotica and pulls scalp posteriorly (occipitalis) | |||
| Orbicularis oculi | |||
| Frontal and maxillary bones Tissue of eyelid Closes eye, draws eyebrows inferiorly | |||
| Orbicularis oris | |||
| O. oris o. oris Constricts and protrudes lips | |||
| Levator labii superioris | |||
| Maxilla, zygomatic o. oris Elevate lip | |||
| Depressor labii inferioris | |||
| Mandible o. oris Depress lip | |||
| Depressor anguli oris | |||
| Mandible o. oris Depress corners of the mouth | |||
| Levator anguli oris | |||
| Maxilla o. oris Raise mouth corners | |||
| *Buccinator | |||
| Maxilla, mandible o. oris Tense cheek | |||
| Risorius | |||
| Masseter o. oris Pulls corners of the mouth back – grimace | |||
| Zygomaticus | |||
| Zygomatic bone o. oris Raise corners of the mouth “smiling muscle” | |||
| *Note: This muscle is involved in both facial expression and mastication! | |||
| Muscles of mastication | |||
| Origin Insertion Action | |||
| Masseter | |||
| Zygomatic, temporal | |||
| (zygomatic arch) Mandible Chewing (jaw closure) | |||
| Temporalis | |||
| Temporal Coronoid process of the Mandible Chewing (jaw closure) | |||
| Pterygoids (lateral and medial) | |||
| Sphenoid, palatine, maxilla Mandible Chewing (closure, protrusion, and side to side motion of mandible) | |||
| *Buccinator | |||
| Maxilla, mandible o. oris Tense cheek | |||
| Muscles of the neck | |||
| Origin Insertion Action | |||
| Platysma | |||
| Fascia of chest muscles Mandible Tense skin of the neck | |||
| Sternocleidomastoid | |||
| Sternum and Clavicle Mastoid process Flexes and laterally rotates the head | |||
| Scalenes | |||
| Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae Ribs 1 and 2 Elevates first two ribs; flex and rotates neck | |||
| Splenius Capitus Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of cervical vertebrea Mastoid process and occipital bone Extend or hyperextend head | |||
| Semispinalis capitis | |||
| Cervical and thoracic vertebrae Occipital bone Extends skull | |||
| Mylohyoid | |||
| Mandible Hyoid bone Elevates hyoid & floor of the mouth | |||
| Omohyoid | |||
| Scapula Hyoid bone Depress and retracts hyoid | |||
| Stylohyoid | |||
| Styloid process of the temporal bone Hyoid bone Elevate and retracts hyoid | |||
| Digastric | |||
| Mandible, mastoid process of the temporalbone Hyoid bone Open mouth and depress mandible, steady hyoid during swallowing | |||
| Muscles of the Spine (page 338 text) | |||
| Erector spinae Origin Insertion Action | |||
| Iliocostalis Iliac crest; ribs Ribs; Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae Extend and laterally flex spine | |||
| Longissimus | Transverse processes of Lumbar & thoracic vertebrae Transverse processes of Thoracic & cervical vertebrae; ribs; skull mastoid process | ||
| Spinalis | Spinous processes of Lumbar & thoracic vertebrae Spinous processes Thoracic & cervical vertebrae | ||
| Epicranius |
Created by:
kayceh
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