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Anat Skeletal Muscle
Anat Skeletal Muscles Marieb
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| frontalis | covers the frontal bone, cranial aponeurosis to the skin of the eyebrows; raises eyebrows |
| occipitalis | covers the posterior aspect of the skull and pulls the scalp back |
| orbicularis oculi | frontal bone and maxilla to the tissue around eyes; blinks and closes the eyes |
| orbicularis oris | from mandible and maxilla to muscle around the lips; closes and protrudes the lips |
| buccinator | maxilla dn mandible near molars to orbicularis oris; holds food in mouth, helps in chewing action |
| zygomaticus | zygomatic bone to skin and muscle at corner of mouth; smiling muscle |
| masseter | temporal bone to the mandible; closes the jaw |
| temporalis | temporal bone to the mandible; closes the jaw |
| chewing muscles | masseter and temporalis |
| facial muscles | frontalis, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, buccinator, zygomaticus |
| neck muscles | platysma, sternocleidomastoid |
| anterior trunk muscles | pectoris major, intercostal, abdominal girdle |
| posterior trunk muscles | trapezius, latissimus dorsi, erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, deltoid |
| platysma | sheetlike muscle covering the anterolateral neck; produces downward sag of the mouth |
| sternocleidomastoid | origin in sternum and clavicle, insert into mastoid process of the temporal bone; prayer muscles |
| pectoralis major | fan shaped muscle covering upper part of the chest, origin is sternum, shoulder girdle and first six ribs, inserts on proximal end of humerus |
| intercostal | deep muscles found between the ribs; internal and external intercoastals both used in breathing |
| abdominal girdle muscles | rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transversus adbominis |
| rectus abdominis | run from pubis to ribcage, to flex the vertebral column; compress the abdominal contents, involved in forced breathing and childbirth |
| external oblique | lateral walls of the abdomen, from the last eight ribs interting into the ilium; flex the vertebral column and rotate the trunk |
| internal oblique | fibers run at right angles to the external oblique; rise from iliac crest and insert into last 3 ribs; function same as external oblique |
| transversus abdominis | deepest muscle of the abdomen, fibers run horizontally across abdomen, from lower ribs and iliac crest inserting into the pubis; compresses the abdominal contents |
| trapezius | form a diamond; each muscle runs from occipital bone of skull down vertebral column to end of thoracic vertebra |
| latissimus dorsi | large flat muscles covering the lower back; originate on lower spine and ilium and insert into proximal humerus; movement such as in swimming |
| erector spinae | prime mover of back extension; 3 muscle columns spanning the entire length of vertebral column; controls bending at the waist |
| quadratus lumborum | form posterior of abdominal wall; flexes the spine laterally; origin at iliac crest and insert at upper lumbar vertebra |
| deltoid | triange shaped forming the rounded shape of the shoulder; origin across shoulders, insertion into proximal humerus |
| muscles of the humerus | biceps brachii, brachialis, brachiordialis, triceps brachii |
| biceps brachii | originates at shoulder girdle and inserts into radial tuberosity; prime mover for flexion of the forearm; supination movement of the arm |
| brachialis | deep to biceps and important to elbow flexion |
| brachioradialis | fairly weak, arising on humerus and inserts into distal forearm; mainly in forearm |
| triceps brachii | arises from shoulder girdle and proximal humerus, inserts into olecranon process of the ulna; prime mover of elbow extension; boxer's muscle |
| muscles of hip joint | gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, ilipsoas, adductor |
| gluteus maximus | forms most of the flesh of the buttock; most important muscle for extending the hip; originates from sacrum and iliac bones, inserts onto gluteal tuberosity of femur and into large tendonous iliotibial tract |
| gluteus medius | runs from ilium to femur, under gluteus maximus;steadies the pelvis during walking |
| iliopsoas | runs from iliac bone and lower vertebrae to insert on lesser trochanter of femur; prime mover of hip flexion; keeps upper body from falling backward |
| adductor | mass at medial side of each thigh; press the thighs together; origin on pelvis and insert on proximal aspect of femur |
| knee joint muscles | sartorius, hamstring group, quadricep group |
| sartorius | most superficial muscle of thigh; runs from iliac crest to medial side of tibia; weak thigh flexor; AKA tailors muscle; important in crossing the legs |
| quadriceps group | rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis; all insert into tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament; extend the knee |
| ankle and foot muscles | tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis, gastrocnemius, soleus |
| tibialis anterior | superficial muscle on anterior leg; arises from upper tibia and inserts at tarsal bones; flexion and dorsiflexion of the foot |
| extensor digitorum longus | arises from the lateral tibial condyle and inserts into phalanges of toes; prime mover of toe extension and dorsiflexion of the foot |
| gastrcnemius | forms the curved calf of posterior leg; arises from distal femur and inserts thru large calcaneal tendon onto heel of foot; toe dancers muscle |
| soleus | arises on tibia and fiula, inserts into calcaneal tendon and plantar flexor of foot |
Created by:
erosok
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