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Orgnztion of Body
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Levels of Organization | chemicals, cells, tissue, organ, organs system, Body as a whole |
| structures associated with integumentary system | hair, nails, sweat gland and oil glands |
| what are the 10 body systems? | skeletal, muscle, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular,lymphatic,respiratory,digestive,urinary, reproductive |
| purpose of integumentary system? | protect,support and movement |
| purpose of skeletal system? | framework of body,shape, movement, protect organs,produce blood cells |
| skeletal system 2 types of bones? | APPENDICULAR(126)... arms, legs, pectorial girdle, pelvic girdle AXIAL(80)...skull,rib cage, vertebral column |
| Bone Structure is made of? | Tissue |
| Classifications of bone | shape, flat, irregular |
| examples of flat bones? | ribs, skull |
| examples of irregular bones | vertebral column, pelvic girdle |
| 2 types of bone marrow? | red and yellow |
| where is red marrow found? | end of long bones, center of other bones, |
| functions of red marrow? | store calcium, produce new blood cells |
| where is yellow marrow found? | interior of long bones |
| what does yellow marrow consist of? | mainly lip/o (fat) |
| Function of muscular system? | assist with movement, support of structure |
| types of muscle? | smooth, cardiac, skeletal |
| what organs are made of smooth muscle? | stomach, rectum, colon |
| layers of muscle? | endomysium, perimysium, epimysium tendon |
| tendon | attaches muscle to bone |
| endomysium | deepest layer |
| perimysium | encases endomysium |
| epimysium | inner most layer |
| are smooth and cardiac muscle movements voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary |
| skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary? | voluntary |
| what makes the nervous system? | brain, spinal cord, nerves |
| special sensory organs? | ears, eyes, tastebuds, organs of smell |
| cerebrospinal fluid (csf) | fluid protecting the nerves |
| cerebrum | largest part of brain, divided in left and right |
| diencephalon | area between lobes of cerebrum and brain stem |
| brain stem | connects cerebrum and diencephalon |
| cerebellum | smallest section, located behind cerebrum |
| Types of neurons? | afferent, efferent, interneurons |
| afferent neurons | receivers |
| efferent neurons | carry msgs to muscles and glands |
| interneurons | relays clear meessage w/in the CNS |
| structure of neuron | dendrite, cell body(nucleus), axon |
| dendrite | fingerlike, sends msg to nucleus |
| cell body(nucleus) | gathers and processes info |
| axon | delivers messages |
| endocrine system | produces hormones to regulate body activity, growth,food utilization and reproduction |
| endocrine glands | thyroid, pituitary, adrenal |
| types of hormones? | amino acids, steroids |
| negative feedback | controls hormones, hormones released to stop a function |
| positive feedback | caused by stimuli to release hormone to promote more |
| homeostasis | body in balance, "staying the same" |
| pituitary gland | regulates other glands. master gland |
| lymphatic system | aids in absorbtion of digested fats |
| cardiovascular system | carries waste materials away from tissue to points where they can be eliminated |
| lymphatic organs | tonsils, thymus, and spleen |
| respiratory system | to take in air and conduct it to areas designated for gas exchange |
| digestive system | teeth, mouth, tongue, esphogus, stomach, large and small intestines, colon, rectum |
| urinary system | 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, 1 urethra |
| GH | growth hormone |
| TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| PRL | prolactin -milk production |
| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone -stimulates adrenal gland |
| layers of the eye | sclera, chorid, retina |
| sclera | outer layer, white of eye, protects eye |
| chorid | middle layer, iris, regulates amt of light entering eye |
| retina | inner layer, made of rods/cones, |
| rods | light sensitive |
| cones | function in bright light |
| sections of ear | external, middle, inner |
| pinna | directs soundwaves into the ear |
| tympanic membrane | eardrum,vibrates as sound enters the ear |
| 3 types of bones in ear | malleous, incus stapes |
| cochlea | receptors for hearing |
| dorsal cavity contains | cranial cavity, spinal cavity |
| ventral cavity | thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity, diaphragm |
| elevation | movement of the shoulder upward |
| depression | movement of the shoulder down |
| protraction | forward neck movement |
| retraction | backward neck movement |
| eversion | foot movement outward |
| inversion | foot movement inward |
| adduction | leg movement inward |
| abduction | leg movement outward |
| dorsiflexion | foot movement up |
| plantar flexion | foot movement down |
| extension | arm straight forward |
| hyperextension | hand upward |
| flexion | hand downward, lower leg bent backward |
| extension | lower leg straight |
| circumduction | arm circles |
| rotation | wrist circles |
| supination | palm out |
| pronation | palm in |
| steroids | fat hormone |
| amino acid | proteins |
| cranial | nearer to head |
| caudal | nearer to sacral region |
| medial | nearer to imaginary plane(midline) |
| lateral | farther from midline |
| proximal | nearer to origin(joint) of a structure |
| distal | farther from the point of origin of structure |
| catabolism | breaking down of nutrients to yield energy |
| anabolism | repair of tissue |
| urinary system | rids body of waste and excess water |
| reproductive system | production of offspring |
| endocardium | innermost layer of heart wall |
| myocardium | middle of heart wall |
| epicardium | outermost layer of heart wall |
| right atrium location | upper right chamber |
| right ventricle location | lower right chamber |
| left atrium | upper left chamber |
| left ventricle | lower left chamber |
| phases of respiraion | pulmonary ventilation, external exchange, internal exchange |
Created by:
meduser
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