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Ch4-6 Med Terms.
Ch4-6 Medical Terminology
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acute | descriptive of a disease with a short, relatively severe course. |
| Chronic | descriptive of a disease that exists over a long period of time. showing little change or slow progression. |
| Diagnosis | Identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluation. |
| Prognosis | Predicted (probable) outcome of a disease. |
| Sign | definitive evidence of a disease. Blood pressure reading, rash. |
| Symptom | subjective evidence perceived by a patient such as itching. |
| Pulse | The rhythmic expansion of an artery that occurs as the heart beats. |
| Respiration rate | Counting the #'s of breaths per minute. |
| Tympanic thermometer | an electronic instrumnet that measures body temperature by placing the probe at the opening of the eternal ear. |
| Systolic pressure | Blood pressure is represented as a fraction. Represents the higher #. |
| Palpation | Application of the fingers with pressure to the surface of the body during a physical examination. |
| Percussion | tapping the body with the fingertips or fist during a physical examination |
| Ausculation | Listening for sounds within the body using a stethoscope. |
| Electrocardiograph | Instrument used to measure the electrical impulses of the heart. |
| Electrocardiography | Recording the electrical impulses of the heart. |
| Electrocardiogram | The record produced in electrocardiography. |
| cephalometry | Measurement of the dimensions of the head. |
| Opthalmoscope | Instrument used to examine the eye. |
| Opthalmoscopy | examination of the eye with an opthamoscope. |
| Microscope | instrument used for viewing microscopic objects. |
| otoscopy | Visual examination of the ear. |
| endoscopy | visual inspection of the body using an endoscope. |
| catheterization | The process of inserting a catheter into the body. |
| catheterize | the introduction of a catheter into the body, to introduce a catheter into the body. |
| cannula | a hollow flexible tube; catheter |
| sonography | imaging of internal structures by measuring and recording sound waves. |
| nuclear medicine | placing radioactive materials into the body organs and using computerized scanners. |
| computer tomography | producing detailed images of cross sections of tissue as though cuts had been made. Similar to what one would see if organ were actually cut into sections. |
| contrast imaging | using radiopaque materials to make internal organs or vessels visible. |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | visualizing internal structures based ont he magnetic properties of chemical elements. |
| symptom | patient says he has a sore throat. |
| sign | patient has a fever |
| sign | patient's blood pressure is elevated. |
| sign | patient has an abnormal lab result |
| inspection | using the eyes to observe the patient |
| vital signs | pulse rate, respiration rate, body temp. |
| radiation oncology | Same as radiation therapy |
| opposite of chronic | acute |
| another name for sonogram | echogram |
| opposite of benign | malignant |
| therapeutic | pertaining to therapy |
| cytotoxic | destructive of damaging to cells |
| term that often preceeds tomography | computed |
| diagnosis | identification of disease by signs, symptoms, and history |
| Stethoscope | instrument often used in auscultation |
| electrocardiogram | heart racing |
| Term that often preceeds resonance | magnetic |
| narcotic | drug that produces insensibility or stupor. |
| analgesic | drug that relieves pain |
| chemotherapy | treatment of disease by chemical agents. |
| radioluscent | permitting passage of x-rays. |
| radiopaque | not allowing passage of x-rays. |
| ambulant | describes a person who is able to walk. |
| distal | away from the origin or point of attachment |
| prone | describes a person who is lying face down. |
| proximal | nearer to the origin or point of attachment |
| recumbant | lying down |
| supine | describes a person who is lying on back. |
| acrocyanosis | cyanosis of the extremities |
| laparoscopy | examination of the interior of the abdomen. |
| peritonitis | inflamation of the peritoneum |
| abdominothoracic | pertaining to the abdomen and chest |
| acral | pertaining to the arms and legs. |
| blepharoplasty | plastic surgery of the eyelid |
| omphalorrhexis | rupture of the umbilicus (naval) |
| shortened term for thoracocentesis | thoracentesis |
| Thoracotomy | surgical incision of the chest wall |
| thrombocytes | blood platelets, important function in blood clotting |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells, often decreased in anemia |
| leukocytes | white blood cells, often increased in leukemia |
| Plasma | fluid portion of blood |
| hematoma | term for localized collection of blood in an organ, tissue, or space. |
| hemolysis | destruction of erythrocytes with the liberation of hemoglobin |
| hemodialysis | process of diffusing blood through a semi permeable membrane to remove toxic materials. |
| coagulation | another term for clotting of blood when it's remobed from the body. |
| anticoagulation | a substance that prevents blood from clotting when it's removed from the body |
| thrombosis | term for formation of internal blood clots |
| shortened term for thrombocytopenia | thrombopenia |
| anemia | condition in which both erythrocytes, hemoglobin, or both are decreased. |
| phagocytes | cells that can digest and destroy particular matter. |
| hematopoiesis | formation and development of blood cells |
| shortened term for leukocytopenia | leukopenia |
| term that has the opposite meaning of erythrocytopenia | erythrocytosis |
| specific-resistance | antigen-antibody reaction that destroys microorganisms. |
| nonspecific- resistance | digestive acids destroy many swallowed microorganisms |
| nonspecific- resistance | sneezing expels foreign matter |
| specific resistance | the immune reaction attacks foreign substances |
| nonspecific resistance | urine aids in eliminating microorganisms |
| active immunity | having a disease, receiving an vaccination |
| passive immunity | receiving antibodies from a host, receiving antibodies through the placenta |
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