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digestion terms
chapter 5 digestion system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Digestion | Mechanical and chemical process that breaks foods down to release nutrients in forms the body can absorb for use. |
| Ptyalin | Enzyme found in saliva |
| Peristalis | muscles of the esophagus contract and relax, creating a series or wavelike movements that force the food into the stomach |
| Gastric juice | acids and enzymes produced by the stomach that help food break down chemically. |
| Enzyme | Specail proteins that help chemical reactions take place. |
| Pepsin | Enzyme produced in the stomach |
| Villi | Little fingerlike projections in the small intestine that absorb nutrients from the chyme mixture. |
| Anemia | When not enough iron in present in the body. characterized by lack of energy, weakness, shortness of breath, and cold hands and feet. |
| Carbohydrates | First nutrients that break down chemically. |
| Fats | concentrated source of energy as well as insulation for the body. contains 9 calories per gram. |
| Malnutrition | Faulty or inadequate nuitrition. |
| Oxidation | when glucose in cells combines with oxygen to produce energy and heat. |
| RDA | (recommended dietary allowances) amount of nutient needed by 98% of the people in a given age or gender group. |
| Basal matabolism | Minimum amount of energy needed to maintain body processes. |
| Chyme | Churned foods in the stomach turn into a thick liquid call; |
| Metabolism | using nutrients in chemical reactions that provide energy for vital processes and activities in the body. |
| Pancreas | Organ that gets worn out and fails to secrete enough juice when we consume too many carbs or sugary foods. |
| Calorie | Amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius. |
| Glucose | sugar your body makes from foods that is transferred throughout your body by your blood stream. |
| Glycogen | the storage from glucose. |
| Vitamins | needed in small amounts and help regulated many vital processes. |
| Minerals | these help the body work properly. |
| Salivary glands | Secrete saliva into the mouth for digestion. |
| Esophagus | Tube that connects your mouth to your stomach and acts as a tunnel for food to travel and digest. |
| Liver | produces bile that is used in digestion. |
| Gallbladder | Stores bile. |
| Trachea | windpipe. |
| Cardiac sphincter | small flap at the end of the esophagus acting as a door to let in foods to the stomach and not foreign objects. |
| Small intestine | food travels here after the stomach. absorbs nutrients with its villi. |
| Large intestine | Food moves here after traveling through the small intestine. extracts wastes. |
| Automatic process | processes in the body in which happen by itself. |
| Mechanical digestion. | chewing is a form of; |
| Chemical digestion | stomach turning food into chyme is a form of; |
Created by:
chino2012
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