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Skeletal System
Unit 4 Skeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Axial skeleton | The part of the skeleton that consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. |
| Appendicular skeleton | The part of the skeleton that includes the limbs and the pelvic and shoulder girdles. |
| Compact bone | Dense bone tissue that forms the outer layer of bone and provides strength and support. |
| Spongy bone | Lightweight bone tissue found inside bones, characterized by a porous structure. |
| Osteoblast | A type of cell that is responsible for bone formation. |
| Osteoclast | A type of cell that breaks down bone tissue, playing a key role in bone remodeling. |
| Osteocyte | A mature bone cell that maintains the bone matrix and communicates with other bone cells. |
| Cartilage | A flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body, including joints, ears, and nose. |
| Ligament | A fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones at joints. |
| Tendon | A fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones. |
| Epiphysis | The end part of a long bone, which is initially separated from the main bone by a growth plate. |
| Diaphysis | The main or central shaft of a long bone. |
| Ossification | The process of bone formation, where cartilage is transformed into bone. |
| Periosteum | A dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints. |
| Bone marrow | The soft tissue found in the hollow interior of bones, responsible for producing blood cells. |
| Hematopoiesis | The process of forming new blood cells in the bone marrow. |
| Long bone | A type of bone that is longer than it is wide, typically found in the limbs. |
| Irregular bone | Bones that do not fit into the other categories due to their complex shapes, such as vertebrae. |
| Flat bone | Bones that are thin and flat, such as the bones of the skull and sternum. |
| Short bone | Bones that are approximately equal in length and width, such as the bones of the wrist. |
| Fracture | A break in the continuity of the bone. |
| Joint | The location where two or more bones meet, allowing for movement. |
| Articulation | The point of contact between two bones, typically forming a joint. |
| Epiphyseal plate | A hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone, responsible for growth in length. |
| osteo | A prefix meaning 'bone.' |
| arthr | A prefix meaning 'joint.' |
| chondro | A prefix meaning 'cartilage.' |
| epi | A prefix meaning 'upon' or 'above.' |
| dia | A prefix meaning 'through' or 'across.' |
| peri | A prefix meaning 'around' or 'surrounding.' |
| blast | A suffix indicating a cell that produces or develops tissue. |
| clast | A suffix indicating a cell that breaks down tissue. |
| cyte | A suffix indicating a mature cell. |
| heme/hema/hemo | A prefix meaning 'blood.' |
Created by:
KellyKirvin
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