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Anatomy unit 5
Lab exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| fibrous joints | suture, syndesmosis, gomphosis |
| cartilaginous joints | synchondrosis, symphysis |
| Synovial joints | plane, hinge, pivot, condylar, saddle, ball-and-socket |
| suture joint | synarthrosis coronal, sagittal, lambdoid sutures |
| syndesmosis | amphiarthrosis distal tibiofibular joint, interosseous membrane |
| gomphosis | synarthrosis tooth in socket |
| synchondrosis | synarthrosis epiphyseal plate; first rib sternum joint |
| symphysis | amphiarthrosis pubic symphysis; intervertebral discs |
| synovial | diarthrosis shoulder, elbow, hip, knee |
| plane | gliding inter carpal, inter tarsal joints |
| hinge | flexion and extension elbow, interphalangeal joints |
| pivot | rotation atlantoaxial joint; proximal radioulnar joint |
| condylar | biaxial (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction radiocarpal; metacarpophalangeal |
| saddle | biaxial carpometacarpal joint of thumb |
| ball-and-socket | multiaxial, including rotation shoulder; hip |
| frontalis | raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead |
| occipitalis | pulls scalp posteriorly |
| corrugator supercilii | draws eyebrows together (frowning) |
| orbicularis oculi | closes the eye (blinking, squinting) |
| levator labii superioris | raises upper lip |
| zygomaticus major and minor | raise corners of the mouth (smiling) |
| risorius | draws corner of mouth laterally |
| orbicularis oris | closes and puckers the lips |
| buccinator | compresses the cheek; holds food between teeth |
| depressor anguli oris | draws corners of the mouth down |
| depressor labii inferioris | draws the lower lip down |
| mentalis | wrinkles chin; protrudes lower lip |
| platysma | tenses neck skin; depresses mandible |
| masseter | elevates mandible (prime mover of jaw closure) |
| temporalis | elevates and retracts mandible |
| medial pterygoid | elevates mandible; side-to-side grinding |
| lateral pterygoid | protracts mandible; side-to-side grinding |
| sternocleidomastoid | together; flex neck one side rotates head to the opposite side |
| scalenes | flex and laterally flex neck; elevate first 2 ribs |
| spenius capitis | extends and rotates the head |
| digastric | elevates hyoid; depresses mandible |
| mylohyoid | elevates hyoid and floor of mouth |
| stylohyoid | elevates and retracts hyoid |
| sternohyoid | depresses hyoid |
| sternothyroid | depresses larynx |
| omohyoid | depresses hyoid |
| thyrohyoid | depresses hyoid; elevates larynx |
| pectoralis major | flexes, adducts, medially rotates the arm |
| pectoralis minor | draws scapula forward and down |
| serratus anterior | protracts and rotates scapula upward |
| external intercostals | elevate rib cage |
| internal intercostals | depress rib cage |
| diaphragm | flattens to enlarge thoracic cavity |
| rectus abdominis | flexes and rotates the lumbar spine |
| external oblique | compresses abdomen; flexes and rotates trunk |
| internal oblique | compresses abdomen, flexes and rotates trunk |
| transversus abdominis | compresses abdominal contents |
| trapezius | elevates, retracts, depresses, and rotates scapula |
| latissimus dorsi | extends, adducts, medially rotates arm |
| levator scapulae | elevates scapula |
| rhomboid major and minor | retracts scapula |
| deltoid | abducts the arm (prime mover) |
| supraspinatus | initiates abduction; stabilizes shoulder |
| infraspinatus | laterally rotates arm |
| teres minor | laterally rotates arm |
| subscapularis | medially rotates arm |
| teres major | extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm |
| erector spine; iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis | extend vertebral column, maintain posture |
| semispinalis | extends vertebral column and head |
| quadratus lumborum | laterally flexes lumbar spine; extends spine when both sides act |
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auweb921
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