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Chabner Ch10 - Patho

Nervous System - Pathology Neurological Disorders

QuestionAnswer
hydrocephalus abnormal accumulation of fluid (CSF) in the brain.
spina bifida congenital defects in the lumber spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect).
alzheimer disease (AD) brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia), personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem.
epilepsy chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity.
huntington disease hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration.
multiple sclerosis (MS) destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue.
myasthenia gravis (MG) autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles.
palsy paralysis (partial or complete loss of motor function).
parkinson disease (parkinsonism) degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occuring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement.
tourette syndrome involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements; uncontrollable vocal sounds; and inappropriate words.
herpes zoster (shingles) viral infection affecting peripheral nerves.
meningitis inflammation of the meninges; leptomeningitis.
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy brain disease and dementia occuring with AIDS.
brain tumor abnormal growth of brain and tissue and meninges.
cerebral concussion temporary brain dysfunction (brief loss of consciousness) after injury, usually clearing within 24 hours.
cerebral contusion bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head; neurologic deficits persist longer than 24 hours.
cerebrovascular accident (CVA) disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke.
migraine severe, recurring, unilateral, vascular headache.
Created by: mahepath
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