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History Unit 1
James I 1603 - 1625: Religion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What's the definition for 'Puritans'? | .Fiercely protestants that wanted to remove/reform what they called 'popish' elements. . They resented bishops and wanted a bigger focus on the Sermon during religious service. |
| As little as how much would a parish priest make in a year? | £10 |
| What does the term 'pluralist' mean? | Clergy parishes often had more than one parish as a result of the little pay they had and how few of them they were, this meant that they couldn't serve each parish to their best ability |
| What year was the millinery petition? | 1603 |
| What was the millinery petition? | A petition put forward by Puritans that highlighted their demand for reform of the church, especially of poor sermons. |
| In what year was the Hampton Court conference? | 1604 |
| What were some of the key demands of the puritans at the Hampton court conference? | . Songs to be moderated and plainer . No signing the cross at baptism . New translation of the bible . No sports on the 'lords day (Sunday)' - only bible study . Ministers to not wear the surplice and cap . End of multiple parishes |
| Why was James reluctant to reduce the power of the bishops? | He said 'No Bishop, No King', If the bishop lost his authority, it wouldn't be long before the Kings would be threatened. |
| What reforms did James promise the Puritans he would change after the Hampton Court conference? | . He promised the Pluralism would be limited; there would be reform of the Court of High Commission . He agreed to a new translation of the Bible (King James Version published 1611) |
| Why was Pluralism an issue that was difficult to fix? | It required more money being put into the church, there was a lack of money at that time to put into the church. |
| What did James issue in 1604 that made ministers agree that the King was the supreme Governor of the church, and made Bishops and Prayer books agreeable to the word of God? | Canons (religious law) |
| What aspects of Religion would continue after the Hampton court conference? | The use of the surplice, the signing of the cross at baptism and kneeling at the holy communion (moderates pleased, radical puritans were disappointed). |
| After Archbishop of Canterbury Whitgift died, who took over from him? | Richard Bancroft |
| What was the attitude of bishops to James’ approach after the Hampton court conference? | Bishops agreed with James moderate approach - didn't want to antagonise the Puritans. they were also happy with the flexibility in the Church. |
| At the time, how many clergy were said to have resigned over the issue? | It was said '300 silenced brethren' *Exaggerated* |
| How many Puritan ministers lost their jobs for non- conformity between 1610-25? | Only 2 Puritan ministers lost their jobs for non - conformity. |
| What is some positive evidence of James handling of Protestant Religion? | . He compromised to have the Hampton court conference. . He did give the Puritans some of their demands (New bible in 1611 for example). . Given James flexibility over his religious rules only 2% of clergy resigned |
| What was James’ attitude to the Puritans during the conference? | James was hostile to Puritan requests for reform during the Conference. |
| By the early 1600's, why was there Anti-catholic sentiment in England? | . Spanish Armada in 1588 to conquer England with Catholicism . Mary I burned 300 protestants at the stake, (known as Bloody Mary) . Elizabeth I faced numerous Catholic death threats |
| What year was the 'Bye plot'? | 1603 |
| Who was involved in the 'bye plot'? | William Watson- catholic priest, William Clarke- Lord Grey de Wilson |
| What was the main plan in the 'Bye plot'? | To kidnap the king and hold him at ransom to force him to change laws against Catholics |
| What was the result of the 'bye plot'? | Watson tried and hanged, the parliament made an act ‘statues against Catholics’, all priests ordered out of England. |
| What year was the 'main plot'? | 1603 |
| Who was involved in the 'main plot'? | Henry Brooke- Lord Cobham, brother of Lord de Grey, Sir Edward Parham, Sir Walter Raleigh |
| what was the main plan in the 'main plot'? | Deposing King James I ( killing him) and replacing him with his cousin Lady Arabella Stuart. |
| What was the result of the 'main plot'? | Sir Walter Raleigh was imprisoned in the Tower of London for 13 years. More laws against Catholics were made. |
| What was the name of the fine that was imposed against Catholics that made them angry at James? | Recusant fines |
| Who was the man that organised the Gunpowder plot? | Robert Catesby |
| What did the Gunpowder plot plan to do? | Blow up Parliament, killing James and lots of nobility. |
| What was the overall aim of the Gunpowder Plot, what did they want to achieve? | Replace James with his young daughter Elizabeth and then she would marry a catholic Nobleman |
| What was the overall aim of the Gunpowder Plot, what did they want to achieve? | Replace James with his young daughter Elizabeth and then she would marry a catholic Nobleman |
| How did the Gunpowder plot fail? | Francis Tresham was worried that the explosion would kill his friend and brother-in-law, Lord Monteagle. On 26th October, Tresham sent Lord Monteagle a letter warning him not to attend Parliament on 5th November. |
| How many people were involved with the Gunpowder plot? | 13 |
| How many barrels of gunpowder were hid the cellar beneath Parliament? | 36 |
| Who hired the cellar beneath parliament that was used to store the gunpowder barrels? | Thomas Percy |
| What date and why was used for the gunpowder plot? | 5th November, used as it was the opening day of parliament and the king would be present |
| What other plan did Catesby attempt before he decided upon the Gunpowder in the Cellar? | He would dig a tunnel beneath Parliament to put the Gunpowder |
| What Month did Catesby abandon the plan to dig a tunnel under parliament to blow it up? | Feb,1605 |
| What was the punishment for Guy Fawkes after he was found guilty of Treason? | Hung, Drawn & quartered. Gruesome death to act as a deterrent against future plots |
| What did Catesby use to try and hide the Gunpowder barrels in the Cellar? | Firewood |
| How did Robert Catesby, Thomas Percy, Christopher Wright and John Wright killed? | In a gunfight at Holbeche House on the 8th of November |
| Who was the only conspirator of the Gunpowder plot to plead guilty? | Everard Digby, was killed by being disembowelled whilst alive |
| What are some reasons that historians doubt the events that happened with the Gunpowder plot? | . Some believe that it was set up by Cecil and Monetagle to make people hate Catholics . James I gave Monteagle $500 annuity for life, some thought that Monteagle had Thresham be poisoned . The Cellar was being rented out to a known Catholic |
| After the Gunpowder plot, what restrictions were placed upon Catholics by James? | . Forbidden to be doctors and lawyers . Couldn't travel without permission . Catholics had 2/3 of their property taken of them |
| How many Catholics were executed during James I reign? | 25, less than Elizabeth. |
| * Fact to remember * . In early 1606, an act was passed designating 5 November as a date of thanksgiving, with bonfires and fireworks soon settled upon as a suitably fitting commemoration. | . |
| What happened to the number of Catholics during James’ reign? | Grew to 50,000 |
| What oath did James make Catholics do in 1606? | Made them swear an oath to the king over the pope. |
| What are some positive pieces of evidence towards James and Catholics? | . low Catholic executions . growth 50,000 . loyalty of Monteagle to him shows power of monarchy. |
| What are some negative pieces of evidence towards James and Catholics? | Gunpowder plot 1605 serious shows extent of resentment towards James I. |
| What restrictions did James introduce to religion 1622? | James restricted preaching to keep to religious texts and 'safe' subjects such as 10 commandments and avoid criticism of royal policy. |
| What had Puritans tried to do in Lancashire 1617? | James found that Lancashire had forbidden May games and Morris dancing. Some puritans tried to apply the scriptures in the old testament about what could be done lawfully on the Sabbath (Sunday) 1617. |
| 'After finding out that Lancashire had forbidden May games and Morris dancing, James issued a p________, allowing sports on Sunday, but only after Church'. | Proclamation |
| What was the name of the book that James published to encourage people to do sports rather than go to taverns and drink? | book of sports |
| what year was the book of sports published? | 1618 |
| What's the difference between Arminian belief and Calvinist belief? | Arminians - believed in free will Calvinist - believe in predestination, that gods will for you was already set for an individual's soul |
| What are the name of the two Arminian bishops that James especially approved of and why? | Lancelot Andrews - He was an exceptional preacher who became bishop of Winchester Richard Neile - Bishop of Durham, . James liked both because of their views on divinity of kings, the errors of popes and the duty of subjects. |
| Why did Arminians think that Bishops could claim their own divine Right? | Link to Jesus, bishops appointed by god as they could be traced back to first Disciple Peter, this was a direct link with Jesus that makes them Divinely appointed too |
| How did an Arminian contribute to the collapse of the Addled parliament in 1614? | Neile reacted strongly with criticism by house of commons, impositions would not allow consultation with house of Lords. Publicly cried whilst apologising. |
| Why did James not like the fact that bishops believed they had divine connection? | he believed he was the supreme head and didn't like the challenge from the bishops that threatened his position. |
| Explain why the Arminians and James I relations grew stronger by 1617? | . He took Neile and Andrews with him when he went to Scotland in 1617, to try reform the Scottish church. . They agree on Pro- Spanish foreign policy |
| Why was James the I reluctant to promote too many Arminians? | . Religious balance . William Laud, a man Charles advocated for, wouldn't be promote him too far. James thought that Laud was power hungry |
| Were there any religious uprisings during James' reign? | No |
| Was James inconsistent with his punishments towards Catholics? | Yes |
Created by:
william0709
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