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U2 Muscle Origins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Origin of Trapezius | Origin - Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12 |
| Insertion of Trapezius | Insertion - Acromion and spine of scapula, and lateral 1/3 of clavicle |
| Action of Trapezius | Action - Extends head; raises, rotates, and retracts (adducts) scapula |
| Origin of Rhomboid Major | Spinous Processes of T2-T5 |
| Insertion of Rhomboid Major | Medial Border of Scapula |
| Action of Rhomboid Major | Stabilizes Scapula |
| Origin of Rhomboid Minor | Spinous Processes of C7 and T1 |
| Insertion of Rhomboid Minor | Medial Border of Scapula |
| Action of Rhomboid Minor | Stabilizes Scapula |
| Origin of Levator Scapulae | Transverse Processes of C1 - C4 |
| Insertion of Levator Scapulae | Medial border of Scapula, superior to Spine |
| Action of Levator Scapulae | Elevates/Adducts Scapula |
| Origin of Latissimus Dorsi | Lumbodorsal Fascia into spines of lower Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, lower 3/4 rubs and Iliac Crest |
| Insertion of Latissimus Dorsi | Intertubercular Sulcus of Humerus |
| Action of Latissimus Dorsi | Arm Extension, Adduction, and Medial Rotation |
| Origin of Subscapularis | Subscapular Fossa of Scapula |
| Insertion of Subscapularis | Lesser Tubercle of Humerus |
| Action of Subscapularis | Medially Rotates Arm, Stabilizes Head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity |
| Origin of Teres Major | Posterior Surface of Scapula and inferior angle |
| Insertion of Teres Major | Crest of Lesser Tubercle on Anterior Humerus |
| Action of Teres Major | Extends, Medially Rotates, and Adducts Arm |
| Origin of Teres Minor | Lateral border of Dorsal Scapular Surface |
| Insertion of Teres Minor | Greater Tubercle of Humerus |
| Action of Teres Minor | Laterally Rotates Arm, Stabilizes Head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity |
| Origin of Supraspinatus | Supraspinous Fossa of Scapula |
| Insertion of Supraspinatus | Greater Tubercle of Humerus |
| Action of Supraspinatus | Abduction of Arm, Stabilizes Shoulder Joint |
| Origin of Infraspinatus | Infraspinous Fossa of Scapula |
| Insertion of Infraspinatus | Greater Tubercle of Humerus |
| Action of Infraspinatus | Laterally Rotates Arm, Stabilizes Head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity |
| Origin of Coracobrachialis | Coracoid Process of Scapula |
| Insertion of Coracobrachialis | Medial surface of Humerus Shaft |
| Action of Coracobrachialis | Flexes and Adducts Arm |
| Origin of Deltoid | Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle, Acromion and Spine of Scapula |
| Insertion of Deltoid | Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus |
| Action of Deltoid | Arm Abduction when all fibers are used, Flexes and Medially Rotates arm w/ anterior fibers, Extends and Laterally Rotates Arm w/ posterior fibers |
| Origin of Pectoralis Major | Sternal end of Clavicle, Sternum, Cartilage of Ribs 1-6 |
| Insertion of Pectoralis Major | Intertubercle Sulcus and Greater Tubercle of Humerus |
| Action of Pectoralis Major | Adducts and Medially Rotates Arm |
| Origin of Pectoralis Minor | Anterior Surface of Ribs 3-5 |
| Insertion of Pectoralis Minor | Coracoid Process of Scapula |
| Action of Pectoralis Minor | Draws Scapula Forward and Downward |
| Origin of Serratus Anterior | Ribs 1-8 |
| Insertion of Serratus Anterior | Anterior Surface of Vertebral border of Scapula |
| Action of Serratus Anterior | Rotates Scapula so inferior angle moves lateral and upward |
| Origin of Biceps Brachii (Long Head) | Supraglenoid Tubercle and Lip of Glenoid Cavity |
| Insertion of Biceps Brachii (Long Head) | Radial Tuberosity |
| Action of Biceps Brachii (Long Head) | Flexes and Supinates Forearm |
| Origin of Biceps Brachii (Short Head) | Coracoid Process |
| Insertion of Biceps Brachii (Short Head) | Radial Tuberosity |
| Action of Biceps Brachii (Short Head) | Flexes and Supinates Forearm |
| Origin of Brachialis | Anterior of Distal Humerus |
| Insertion of Brachialis | Coronoid Process of Ulna |
| Action of Brachialis | Forearm Flexion |
| Origin of Brachioradialis | Lateral Supracondylar ridge at Distal end of Humerus |
| Insertion of Brachioradialis | Radial Styloid Process |
| Action of Brachioradialis | Forearm Flexion |
| Origin of Triceps Brachii (Long Head) | Infraglenoid Tubercle of Scapula |
| Insertion of Triceps Brachii (Long Head) | Olecranon of Ulna |
| Action of Triceps Brachii (Long Head) | Forearm Extension |
| Origin of Triceps Brachii (Lateral Head) | Posterior Shaft of Humerus |
| Insertion of Triceps Brachii (Lateral Head) | Olecranon of Ulna |
| Action of Triceps Brachii (Lateral Head) | Forearm Extension |
| Origin of Triceps Brachii (Medial Head) | Posterior Humeral Shaft, Distal to Radial Groove |
| Insertion of Triceps Brachii (Medial Head) | Olecranon of Ulna |
| Action of Triceps Brachii (Medial Head) | Forearm Extension |
| Origin of Anconeus | Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus |
| Insertion of Anconeus | Lateral Aspect of Olecranon of Ulna |
| Action of Anconeus | Ulnar Abduction during Forearm Pronation |
| Origin of Pronator Teres | Medial Epicondyle of Humerus, Coronoid Process of Ulna |
| Insertion of Pronator Teres | lateral Radius Midshaft |
| Action of Pronator Teres | Pronates Forearm |
| Origin of Supinator | Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus; Proximal Ulna |
| Insertion of Supinator | Proximal end of Radius |
| Action of Supinator | Supinates Forearm |
| Origin of Flexor Carpi Radialis | Medial Epicondyle of Humerus |
| Insertion of Flexor Carpi Radialis | Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal |
| Action of Flexor Carpi Radialis | Flexes and Abducts Hand |
| Origin of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Medial Epicondyle of Humerus, Olecranon and Posterior Surface of Ulna |
| Insertion of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Carpal Bones and Base of 5th Metacarpal |
| Action of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Flexes and Adducts Hand |
| Origin of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Medial Epicondyle of Humerus, Coronoid Process of Ulna, Shaft of Radius |
| Insertion of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Middle Phalanges of 2nd - 5th fingers |
| Action of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Flexes Wrist and Fingers 2-5 |
| Origin of Palmaris Longus | Medial Epicondyle of Humerus |
| Insertion of Palmaris Longus | Palmer Aponeurosis (Palm of Hand) |
| Action of Palmaris Longus | Tenses Palm during Hand Movement |
| Origin of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Lateral Supracondylar Ridge of Humerus |
| Insertion of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Base of 2nd Metacarpal |
| Action of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Extends and Abducts Hand |
| Origin of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus |
| Insertion of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Base of 3rd Metacarpal |
| Action of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Extends and Abducts Hand |
| Origin of Extensor Digitorum | Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus |
| Insertion of Extensor Digitorum | Distal Phalanges of 2nd - 5th Fingers |
| Action of Extensor Digitorum | Extends Fingers |
| Origin of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus, Posterior Borders of Ulna |
| Insertion of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Base of 5th Metacarpal |
| Action of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Extends and Adducts Hand |
| Origin of Musculocutaneous Nerve | C5-C7 |
| Muscles Innervated by Musculocutaneous Nerve | Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Coracobrachialis |
| Origin of Median Nerve | Two Branches - (C8, T1) and (C5-C7) |
| Muscles Innervated by Median Nerve | Palmaris Longus, Flexor Carpi Radialis, Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Pronator |
| Origin of Ulnar Nerve | C8, T1 |
| Muscles Innervated Ulnar Nerve | Flexor Carpi Ulnaris |
| Origin of Radial Nerve | C5-C8, T1 |
| Muscles Innervated Radial Nerve | Triceps Brachii, Anconeus, Supinator, Brachioradialis, and forearm extensors |
| Origin of Axillary Nerve | C5-C6 |
| Muscles Innervated Axillary Nerve | Deltoid, Teres Minor |
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