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Axial Skeleton

Skull, vertebra, ribs

TermDefinition
Sutural bones Small bone sections along a suture line
Condyle Smooth rounded knob used in joints
Facet Smoot surfaces on condyles
Sutures Immovable joints where bones connect
Symphysis A suture but with cartilage
Process Hump, bump, and lump that tendons attach to
Other extensions/projections Crests, spines, trochanters, tubercules, tuberosities
Fossa Shallow depression
Foramen Hole in bone for blood vessels or nerves
Meatus Opening into a tube/canal
Sinus Cavity inside bone
External nasal nares Nostrils
Cervical vertebra C1-C7
Thoracic vertebra T1-T12
Lumbar vertebra L1-L5
Sacrum 5 vertebra fused together
Coccyx Tailbone
Atlas (C1) characteristics No body or spinous process, allows head nodding, holds occipital condyles
Axis (C2) characteristics Has dens that fuses to atlas, allows head shaking
Cervical vertebrae spinous process shape Short, bifid end pointing straight back
Thoracic vertebrae spinous process shape Long, pointy, points straight down
Cervical vertebral foramen shape Large and triangular
Cervical vertebra body shape Small, wide oval body
Thoracic vertebral foramen shape Circular and smaller
Thoracic vertebrae body shape Larger, heart-shaped body with 4 costal facets
Lumbar vertebrae spinous process shape Short, blunt rectangle pointing straight back
Lumbar vertebral foramen shape Triangular
Lumbar vertebrae body shape Huge, kidney-shaped body
Cervical vertebrae ROM Rotation, flexion/extension, lateral flexion
Thoracic vertebrae ROM Flexion/extension and lateral flexion, no rotation
Lumbar vertebrae ROM Rotation, lateral flexion limited by ribs, little flexion/extension
Vertebral sternal ribs True ribs 1-7, attach to sternum
Vertebral chondral ribs False ribs 8-12, attach to costal cartilage
Intercostal space Space in between ribs
Floating ribs False ribs 11 & 12 not attached to cartilage
Superior costal facet attaches to ___ Head of rib
Transverse costal facet attaches to ___ Tubercule of rib
Created by: XiaoYiSheng
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