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Unit 1 Vocab - Hapy
| Term | Definition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| anatomy | study of body structure | - |
| physiology | study of body functions | - |
| histology | study of tissue | - |
| cytology | study of cells | - |
| gross | big picture | entire organism |
| axial | relating to body neck and trunk | the body models in class |
| appendicular | relating to appendages and limbs | legs, arms |
| cranial cavity | contains the brain | - |
| vertebral cavity | contains spinal cord | - |
| thoracic cavity | chest cavity, between neck and abdomen, | heart, lungs, (diaphragm separates) |
| abdominal cavity | between thoracic and pelvic, contains most of the major organs | kidney, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines, stomach, spleen, aorta, vena cava |
| pelvic cavity | hip-ish cavity, most inferior of all major cavities, contains of mostly reproductive organs | bladder, rectum, sacrum, urethra females - uterus, vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes |
| mediastinum | middle thoracic cavity, separates the right and left | bronchi if you count- heart, aorta, pulmonary artery |
| viscera | thoracic and abdominopelvic organs, aka major organs | all previous, just read them |
| diaphragm | skeletal muscle, inferior of the thoracic cavity, and superior of the abdominal cavity | - |
| parietal membranes | a membrane on the outside | outer lining of a bag |
| visceral membranes | a membrane on the inside, or surrounding the internal organs | inner lining of a bag |
| pleural mebranes | thoracic and lung membranes | - |
| pericardial membranes | membranes around the heart | - |
| peritoneal membranes | the abdominal membranes | around the cavity, the digestive organs, |
| Integumentary system | protects all internal, regulates body temp, touch/pain, synthesis products -> sweat | skin, hair, glands |
| skeletal system | gives structure and protection, helps voluntary movement, produces some blood in marrow, salts? | bones, ligaments, cartilage |
| muscular system | provides movement voluntary and involuntary, maintain internal temp | muscles- skeletal, smooth, cardiac |
| Nervous system | cognition, communication between organs and brain, homeostasis | brain, nerves, sense organs, spinal cord |
| Endoctrine system | sends hormonal messaging throughout the body, homeostasis | pituitary, pancreas, adrenal gland, hypothalamus, other internal glands |
| Cardiovascular system | transportation of oxygen and nutrients | heart, blood vessels, veins, arteries |
| Lymphatic system | protection against outside threats internally, (viruses etc), gets floating blood back into the blood stream | nodes + vessels, spleen, thymus, |
| Digestive system | break down food, get nutrients, excrete waste | intestines, stomach, mouth |
| Respiratory system | gives oxygen to blood, excretes co2 | lunges, larynx, bronchi |
| Reproduction system | able to create offspring | testes, uterus, ovaries, glands |
| urinary system | filters blood, maintains water balance and electrolights | kidneys, bladder, urethra |
| superior | above | - |
| inferior | below | - |
| anterior | in front | - |
| posterior | behind | - |
| medial | near or at the middle | - |
| lateral | away from the middle | - |
| bilateral | matching on both sides | kidneys, hands, feet, arms |
| proximal | closer to the body | - |
| distal | away from the body | - |
| superficial | closer to the surface | - |
| deep | away from the surface | - |
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