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A&P Unit 1 Vocab A
Intro to Human Body and Orientation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Activation Energy | The minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction. |
| ana- | up apart or again |
| Anatomy | The study of the structure and form of the body and its parts. |
| anti- | against |
| Assimilation | The process of incorporating absorbed nutrients into body cells and tissues. |
| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element. |
| bi- | two |
| Carbohydrate | A macromolecule composed mainly of carbon hydrogen and oxygen that is a major source of quick energy and can provide structural support. |
| Catalyst | A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy without being used up. |
| Cell | The smallest living unit of structure and function in the body. |
| Circulation | The movement of substances such as blood nutrients gases and wastes throughout the body. |
| Connective Tissue | Tissue that supports binds protects stores and transports; examples include bone blood |
| Control Group | The comparison group that does not receive the experimental treatment or independent-variable change. |
| cyt | cell |
| -cyte | cell |
| Data | Recorded observations or measurements collected during an investigation. |
| de- | down away from or removal |
| Dependent Variable | The factor measured or observed in response to the independent variable. |
| dia- | through or across |
| Digestion | The breakdown of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body. |
| dis- | apart or away |
| endo- | within or inner |
| Enzyme | A biological molecule usually a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed. cartilage and adipose tissue. |
| Epithelial Tissue | Tissue that covers body surfaces lines cavities and organs and forms glands; functions include protection absorption secretion and filtration. |
| Excretion | The removal of metabolic wastes from the body. |
| exo- | outside or outward |
| Experimental Group | The group exposed to the independent variable or experimental treatment. |
| -genic | producing or produced by |
| -gram | record or image |
| -graph | instrument used to record |
| Growth | An increase in body size caused by an increase in cell size cell number or both. |
| hetero- | different |
| hist | tissue |
| home | same or constant |
| homeo- | same steady or unchanging |
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite internal or external changes. |
| homo- | same |
| hyper- | above normal or excessive |
| hypo- | below normal or deficient |
| Hypothesis | A testable evidence-based proposed explanation for an observation or scientific question. |
| -ia | condition |
| -ics | field of study or practice |
| Independent Variable | The factor deliberately changed or manipulated in an experiment. |
| Inference | A logical interpretation or conclusion based on observations and prior knowledge. |
| iso- | equal or same |
| -ist | specialist |
| Law | A scientific statement that describes a consistently observed pattern or relationship in nature. |
| Lipid | A mostly water-insoluble macromolecule used for long-term energy storage insulation protection and cell membranes. |
| -logy | study of |
| -lysis | breakdown separation or destruction |
| macro- | large |
| Macromolecule | A large biological molecule; major groups include carbohydrates lipids proteins and nucleic acids. |
| Maintaining Boundaries | A characteristic of life in which an organism keeps its internal environment separate from the external environment. |
| meta- | change beyond or after |
| metabol | change or metabolism |
| Metabolism | All chemical reactions occurring within the body including reactions that build up and break down substances. |
| -meter | instrument used to measure |
| -metry | process of measuring |
| micro- | small |
| Molecule | Two or more atoms chemically bonded together. |
| mono- | one |
| morph | form or shape |
| Movement | A characteristic of life involving motion of the body organs cells or substances within the body. |
| multi- | many |
| Muscle Tissue | Tissue specialized to contract and produce movement. |
| my | muscle |
| neo- | new |
| Nervous Tissue | Tissue specialized to detect stimuli and transmit electrical signals for communication and control. |
| Nucleic Acid | A macromolecule such as DNA or RNA that stores transmits or helps express genetic information. |
| Observation | Information gathered using the senses or scientific instruments. |
| -oid | resembling |
| -oma | tumor or mass |
| Organ System | A group of organs that work together to carry out major body functions. |
| Organ | A body structure made of two or more tissue types that performs specific functions. |
| organ | organ |
| Organism | A complete living individual composed of interacting organ systems. |
| -osis | condition usually abnormal |
| -pathy | disease |
| physi | nature or function |
| Physiology | The study of how the body and its parts function. |
| poly- | many |
| Protein | A macromolecule made of amino acids that performs structural transport signaling defense and enzymatic functions. |
| re- | again or back |
| Reproduction | The production of new cells for growth and repair or the production of a new organism. |
| Responsiveness | The ability to detect and respond to changes or stimuli in the internal or external environment. |
| Scientific Method | A systematic process used to investigate questions through observation hypothesis formation testing data analysis and evidence-based conclusions. |
| -scope | instrument for viewing |
| -scopy | process of visual examination |
| -stasis | stopping controlling or maintaining a stable state |
| sym- | together or with |
| syn- | together or joined |
| Theory | A broad well-supported scientific explanation based on extensive evidence and repeated testing. |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function. |
| -tomy | cutting into or incision |
| tri- | three |
| uni- | one |
Created by:
KellyKirvin
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