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Speech Anatomy2
Speech Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| At what age does the cervical curve start to form? | 3-4 months (lifting head) |
| At what age does the lumbar curve start to form? | 1 year (walking age) |
| Kyphosis | Excessive curving of the spine, producing a rounded or "humped" upper back. In adults -osteoporosis; in children kyphosis more often results from a genetic disorder, such as Hunter syndrome, or spina bifida |
| Lordosis (hyperlordosis) | Excessive curving of the lower spine, called swayback... can be exaggerated by poor posture |
| Scoliosis | Abnormal sideways curvature of the spine, almost S-shaped, a type of Curvature of 10-20 degrees is labeled mild, less than that, simply "postural variation." In infancy- more boys than girls, but by school age in both sexes. |
| The pectoral girdle is made up of which structures? | clavicle, scapula |
| Sternum is made up of which structures? | manubrium, corpus, xiphoid (ensiform) process |
| Floating ribs | 11-12; do not attach to sternum |
| False ribs | 8-10; attached indirectly to sternum |
| True ribs | 1-7; direct attachment to sternum |
| Up to how many times can the bronchi branch out? | 28 |
| Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs? | in the alveoli |
| Where is the first bifurcation of the trachea? | at the carina |
| The shape of the lumbar vertebrae body is... | kidney shaped |
| The thoracic vertebrae is shaped like... | a heart/giraffe |
| The biggest physical difference between the cervical and thoracic vertebrae is... | the transverse process of the cervical vertebrae contains foramen |
| The three portions of the pelvic girdle are... | ilium, pubis, ischium |
| What is the primary muscle of inspiration? | diaphragm |
| The attachments of the diaphragm are... | ensiform process, right crus @L4 and left crus @L3 |
| Attachments of external intercostal | Attachment from inferior surface of ribs 1-11 to superior surface of the next rib lower |
| Attachments of internal intercostal | Attachment from inferior surface of ribs 1-11 to superior surface of the next rib lower |
| Attachments of levator costarum brevis | Attachment from transverse process of C7-T11 to the rib below (courses down and out) |
| Attachments of levator costarum longis | Attachment from transverse process of T7-T10, bypassing the rib below to attach to the next rib (courses down and out) |
| Attachments of serratus posterior superior | Attachment from spinous process of C7, T1-T3 to ribs 2-5 |
| What measures lung volume? | spirometer |
| What measures lung pressure? | manometer |
| What is Boyle's law? | if gas is kept at a constant temperature, the pressure and volume will be inversely proportional |
| What is the BPM of a healthy adult during quiet tidal respiration? | 12-20 BPM |
| Expired air contains what percent of H2O? | 6.2% |
| Atmospheric air contains what percent of oxygen? | 21% |
| Expired air contains what percent of oxygen? | 13.7% |
| If the neck is being turned what are the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid? ** | clavicle and sternum- insertion? mastoid process- origin? |
| Which of the scalenus muscles is attached to rib 2? | scalenus posterior |
| What do all the scalenus muscles have in common? | They all attach to the transverse process of cervical vertabrae |
| Attachment from spinous process of C2 – T12 to scapula and clavicle (stabilizes the upper body, neck and head) What is it? | trapezius muscle |
| Pectoralis minor attachments | scapula to ribs 2 - 5 |
| Pectoralis major attachments | sternum/clavicle to humerus |
| Serratus anterior attachments | scapula to ribs 1 – 9 |
| Subclavius | clavical to rib 1 |
| What muscle attaches from the scapula to the transverse process of C1 – C4? | Levator scapula |
| What muscle attaches from the scapula to spinous process of T2 – T5? | Rhomboideus major |
| What muscle attaches from the scapula to spinous process of C7 and T1? | Rhomboideus minor |
| Passive respiration is facilitated by: | gravity, torque, and elasticity |
| The deepest of the intercostal muscles is... | innermost intercostal |
Created by:
deezer
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