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cellbio 4 3

transcription + control factors

TermDefinition
translation rna converted to amino acids in ribosome
codon 3 nucleotides that code for 1 amino acid
a-site mRNA enters and tRNA reads codons
p-site proteins are built from amino acids
e-site ribosome lets go of mRNA
mutagens substances that increase chance of mutation
substitution error nitrogen base on nucleotide is translated wrong
silent mutation sub error doesnt change what protein is made
missense mutation sub error gives wrong amino acid
nonsense mutation sub error gives STOP codon too early, protein useless
frameshift error codon incorrectly added/deleted, shifts entire rna strand to be read wrong
constitutional genes what every cell does
relative genes turned on/off in different types of cells
operons (bacteria) master switch to turn on/off multiple genes
repressible operons default is on
trip operon turns off if theres tryptophan to eat. otherwise bacteria makes its own
inducuble operons default is off
lac operon only turns on if there's lactose to eat
dne methylation put methyl group before gene if you want it off
histone protein core dna is wrapped around. genes you dont want read are towards center/harder to reach
acetal groups increase change of gene expression
methyl groups decrease change of gene expression
transcription factors make it easier for dna polymerase to bind
poly-A tails longer tail = gene active longer, vice versa
alternative splicing keeping/removing means you get different proteins from same gene
Created by: user-1862257
Popular Genetics sets

 

 



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