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Foundational Docs
U.S. Gov Foundational Documents and their details.
| Document | Details |
|---|---|
| Declaration of Independence | Declared independence from Britain; identified natural rights - Life, liberty, pursuit of happiness, and gov's job to protect them; includes Locke's ideas of consent of the the governed, popular sovereignty, social contract theory, and limited gov. |
| Articles of Confederation | Established confederal government; very weak with Congress not getting many powers; each state only had 1 vote and bills needed 9/13 votes to pass; had no exec. power, no judicial power, and no power to raise an army. |
| U.S. Constitution | 7 articles outlining the structure of the gov.; 3 branches w/ checks & balances; outlines relationships b/w states and b/w federal gov and states; outlines amendment process along with all amendments. |
| Federalist No. 10 | Written by J. Madison; says factions are inevitable and since they can't be destroyed, they must be managed, this is done through a Large Republic because it's too difficult for any one faction to gain power and less likely for corruption |
| Brutus 1 | Constitution gives too much power to central gov, elastic clause is blank check to Congress, supremacy clause makes state govs obsolete, and it's too large a country for Congress to represent local concerns. TOO MUCH POWER |
| Federalist No. 51 | Power is divided b/w 3 branches of gov, each with little control over the other and b/w national/state govs; highlights how gov must be powerful enough to control the people and control itself (separate but equal powers). |
| Federalist No. 70 | Argues for single "energetic" executive; prez must be single person as multiple with cause confusion and inability to act; debate and disagreement is cool for Congress, but bad for exec, calls for cabinet instead of multiple execs. |
| Federalist No. 78 | Judiciary is the least dangerous branch b/c it's inherently weaker; doesn't have money or an army to enforce anything, can only give JUDGEMENT; judiciary must be independent and argued judiciary should be given power of judicial review. |
| Letter From a Birmingham Jail | All people should be treated the same under the law, said Civil rights protesters were merely pointing out tensions that already existed; "freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor, it must be demanded by the oppressed. |
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bibidi
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