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Unit 7 Sensory Organ
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Stimulus | a signal to which an organism responds |
| Receptor | A small area on the dendrite that receives the signal from the other neuron |
| sensory neuron | A neuron that picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse. |
| Perception | the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses. |
| Homeostasis | relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain |
| Mechanoreceptors | respond to touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, and itch |
| Photoreceptors | respond to light |
| Chemoreceptors | chemical sensors in the brain and blood vessels that identify changing levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Thermoreceptors | respond to changes in temperature |
| Nociceptors | sensory receptors that enable the perception of pain in response to potentially harmful stimuli |
| Cornea | the transparent layer forming the front of the eye. |
| pupil | the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters |
| Iris | a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening |
| lens | the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina |
| Retina | Contains sensory receptors that process visual information and sends it to the brain |
| rods | retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond |
| Cones | retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well |
| Optic Nerve (II) | sensory, vision |
| eardrum (tympanic membrane) | tightly stretched membrane located at the end of the ear canal that vibrates when struck by sound waves |
| Ossicles | three tiny bones in the middle ear (Malleus, Incus, Stapes) |
| malleus, incus, stapes | three tiny bones in the middle ear |
| Cochlea | a coiled, bony, fluid |
| semicircular canals | three fluid |
| vestibule of ear | The portion of the inner ear between the cochlea and the semicircular canals that senses the position of the head. Its sensory epithelium is contained in two saclike spaces: the utricle and the saccule. |
| tastebuds | Sense organs that contain the chemical receptors for taste. |
| olfactory receptor cells | receive chemicals interpreted as smells |
| reflex arc | A relatively direct connection between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron that allows an extremely rapid response to a stimulus, often without conscious brain involvement. |
| sensory adaptation | tendency of sensory receptor cells to become less responsive to a stimulus that is unchanging |
| Integration | To process and interpret sensory input and decide if action is needed |
| response | An action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus. |
Created by:
KellyKirvin
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