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Foreign policy
American Government Studying
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Public Policy | Actions the government takes, what the government does for the people, and how the government meets its goals. |
| Types Of Public Policy | Domestic and Foreign. |
| Domestic Policy | Decisions the national government makes concerning issues within the United States. |
| Examples Of Domestic Policy | Education, Healthcare, Environment, Transportation, Crime, Mental health |
| Foreign Policy(Diplomacy) | Decisions the national government makes concerning the U.S. and other countries/groups and how it makes its decisions work. |
| Examples of Foreign Policy(Diplomacy) | Security, trade, human rights |
| Policy Developers | [Executive Branch: president and agencies], [Legislative Branch; members of Congress], and [interest groups]. |
| Members Of Congress | Provide money. |
| Interest Groups | A group of people who; share common goals and organize to influence government policy. |
| Interest Groups Act To: | Provide information to policy makers, act as "expert" witnesses before Congress, help in writing legislation, give support during campaigns, and publicize views and win public support |
| The Process: Step 1- Set The Agenda | What is the issue/problem? |
| The Process: Step 2- Identify Possible Solution | Consider options, choose a plan, and identify the person/groups who may influence the plan. |
| The Process: Step 3- Implement Plan | Put plan into action. |
| Patterns In Foreign Policy: Isolationism | Avoiding involvement with other countries |
| Patterns In Foreign Policy: Internationalism = Globalism | Being involved with other countries |
| Foreign Policy Goals | 1. Protect national security, 2. promote world peace, 3. prevent international terrorism, 4 promote democratic, 5. prevent human rights abuses/promote quality of life, 6. promote international trade, 7. Promote Capitalism |
| Ambassadors | Officials who represent U.S. in other countries |
| Capitalism | Free market: buyers and sellers make decisions |
| Democratic | People have power and can participate |
| How Goals Are Met: Forming Alliances | Friendships with other countries |
| How Goals Are Met: Negotiating | Making a deal |
| How Goals Are Met: Establishing Foreign Aid Programs | Giving money, goods, training |
| A Foreign Aid Program Example | Peace Corp |
| How Goals Are Met: Placing Economic Sanctions | Stopping or denying results; embargoes or boycotts |
| Taking Military Action | Last resort |
| President | Is the main player in foreign policy. |
| Commander in Chief | Leads military |
| Chief Diplomat | makes treaties and appoints ambassador |
| Head Of State | Represents U.S |
| Leader Of The U.S | The strongest nation in the world, makes executive agreements: deals with other countries that don't need senate approval |
| Cabinet | Secretary of state and Secretary of defense |
| National Security Council | Combines military and intelligence |
| Central Intelligence | Gathers information |
| Declare war | Balance to the president's role as commander in Chief, and was used only five times in history |
| Control Spending Of Money | Congress must approve of what the president wants to fund |
| Congress can | Ratify and approve appointment of ambassadors or other government officials |
| President has advantages | Leads country(not a state or district), can get around Congress, and executive agreements do not need senate okay |
| Able To Make Quick Decisions | The President is one person, and Congress is many people |
| Controls Agencies Involved In Foreign Policy | CIA, department of state |
| Congress Represents People In States | Public opinion influences policy |
| Intergovernmental Organizations | Organizations that formed between Governments |
| Nongovernmental Organizations | Groups that work to solve problems around the world but are not connected to the government |
| International Organizations | Involve governments or people from different countries working together to solve issues that cross country borders |
| Goals Of Domestic Policy | 1. Preserve safety, 2. promote freedom, 3. establish justice, 4.protect general welfare/quality of life, 5. promote sense of belonging, 6. keep the economy strong and stable |
| Distribution and demographics of the Population Has Big Effect On Policy Decisions | Where people live, characteristics of people, age, and income level |
| Social Equity | Foundation of domestic policy where people are given fair/or equal access to rights, opportunities, and participation in society |
| Equal Opportunity | All should be treated similarly(have the same opportunities) |
| No One Should Be Discriminated Against For | Employment, education, housing, and others |
| Civil rights Act Of 1964 | Addressed discrimination in workplace and banned discrimination when hiring, firing, and promoting due to: race, ethnicity, and gender |
| Created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) | Since expanded to include all forms of discrimination |
| Voting Rights Act Of 1965 | Prohibited discrimination in voting and enforce voting rights of the 14th and 15th amendments |
| Title Ix | Passed in 1972 and prohibits discrimination in education programs/activities that receive federal funds; most evident in sports |
| Americans with disabilities Act(ADA) | Passed in 1990, prevents employers from discriminating against employees because of a disability, and requires employers to provide employees reasonable access to what is needed for the job; wheelchair ramps and elevators, with manuals in braille |
| Individual with disabilities Education Act(IDEA) | Passed in 1990, ensures all students are provided a "free appropriate public education", includes special education services |
| Every Student Succeeds Act(ESSA) | Passed in 2015, insures all students have access to an equal education |
Created by:
Zidneh
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