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Lesson 7.3 Notes
Notes on lesson 7.3 on anatomy and physiology about smell and taste.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the olfactory scene? | The scene of smell |
| What is the gustatory scene? | The sense of taste |
| What is a bowman's gland? | A mucus gland that makes mucus to cover the olfactory region. |
| How big is the olfactory region. | About the size of a dime. |
| Where is the olfactory region? | At the top of the nasal cavity near the sinuses. |
| What are olfactory hairs? | Neurons that have branches that pick up odour molecules in the olfactory region that are covered in mucus. |
| What is the olfactory bulb? | The part of the brain that collects nerve impulses from smells from olfactory nerves from olfactory hairs and sorts it into memories and positive or negative emotions. |
| What do small receptors and taste buds have in common in terms of function? | Just like taste buds, smell receptors specialise in certain odours and their combinations allow us to perceive countless numbers of smells and tastes. |
| What is rhinitis? | Inflammation of the nasal membrane, which is the family of common colds, but can also be caused by allergies triggered by histamine. |
| What is the septum? | Cartilage that separates the 2 nostrils. |
| What is a deviated septum? | When the septum is significantly shifted to one side which can be from birth, damage from chemicals, or physical trauma. |
| How many taste sensory receptors do we have? | About 10,000 |
| What cranial nerves are responsible for taste? | Facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus |
| Where are taste cells located? | All over the mouth, not just on the tongue. |
| How many taste cells does an individual taste buds have? | Around 50-100 cells. |
| How many basic tastes can 1 taste cells respond to? | Only 1 out of the 5. |
| What percentage of flavour is outside of the basic flavours? | Around 75 to 90 percent influenced by things like smell, temperature, and texture. |
| How many flavours can we perceive? | About 10,000! |
| What causes hairy tongue? | Abnormal growth of gustatory hairs which can be caused by bad hygience, medicines, coffee, tea, smoking, and radiation. |
| What is a sign of burning mouth syndrome? | A burning sensation of the tongue, chronic pain, and a metallic taste. |
| What can cause burning mouth syndrome? | Disease and disorders that can be genetic. |
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