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mole. genetics ch 10
the replicon: initiation of replication
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a replicon? | A segment of the genome in which DNA is replicated. Each contains an origin for initiation of replication |
| what is meant by the term "semiconservative" replication? | Replication accomplished by separating the strands of a parental duplex, with each strand then acting as a template for synthesis of a new complementary strand. |
| what is a replication bubble? | A region in which DNA has been replicated within a longer, un-replicated region |
| is replication usually unidirectional or bidirectional? | it is usually bidirectional |
| what role does methylation play in bacterial replication? | methylation occurs in different segments of DNA but when replicated, the new DNA becomes hemimethylated and cannot undergo replication again until the new strand of DNA is methylated. |
| what role does methylation have in DNA repair? | prokaryotic mismatch repair systems use methylation to distinguish the parental and daughter strand after replication in order to specifically repair the daughter strand |
| what does seqA do? | it binds to hemi-methylated DNA to prevent premature replication |
| what is a licensing factor? | it is a protein/protein complex that binds to DNA replication origins during G1, which allows replication to start only once per cell cycle. it is usually deactivated after one round of replication |
| what does DnaA do? | it is a protein that initiates replication in bacteria by binding to 9bp repeats at oriC , forming a complex that induces the unwinding of adjacent 13-mer AT-rich regions. |
| why is there a requirement for protein synthesis, transcription, and membrane synthesis for the initiation of replication? | they ensure the cell has the necessary proteins, enzymes, and physical cellular infrastructure needed for cell division |
| How are replicons in eukaryotic replication coordinated? | they usually display bidirectional replication, and individual replicons are about 40-1000 kb in length, and the replication rate is slower than bacterial replication since the chromosome is more condensed and complex chromatin. |
| which replicate first or last? | replicons that are near active genes are replicated first. heterochromatin replicates last because it has the least amount of genes, while euchromatin is replicated first |
| what does the origin of replication look like in yeast? | there are about 400 origins of replication in yeast, with an average replicon length of 35,000 base pairs. |
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angievelasco
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