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Lesson 6.4 Notes
The notes on 6.4 about the functional anatomy of the peripheral nervous system.
| Question/Term | Answer/Definition |
|---|---|
| What is each nerve a collection of? | Axons and blood vessels. |
| What is endoneurium? | A connective tissue that covers axons |
| What is a fascicle? | Bundled groups of covered axons. |
| What is perineurium? | Protective sheath that covers and bundles fascicles. |
| What is epineurium? | A membrane that wraps an entire nerve and bundles fascicles. |
| How are nerve and muscle structures similar? | They run for long lengths and are structured by single long cells, bundles of those cells, bundles of bundles of cells, then bundles of those bundles. |
| How many pairs of cranial nerves do we have? | 12 |
| What types can carnival nerves be? | Motor, sensory, or both. |
| How many pairs emit from the brain stem? | 10 |
| How many pairs of spinal nerves do we have? | 31 |
| How are pairs of spinal nerves named? | Cervical, theoracis, lumbar, and sacrum, after the region of the vertebral section they originate from. |
| What types of nerves can spinal nerves be? | They can only be mixed sensory and motor types. |
| Where are the spinal nerve cell bodies? | They are located in the grey matter in the spinal cord as their axons extend our from the location. |
| What are dorsal and ventral roots? | Axons from the spinal cord that combine to form a spinal nerve that then split into a dorsal and ventral ramus. |
| What are plexuses? | Complex nerve interconnections that branch from the dorsal and ventral rami. |
| What are the 4 types of plexuses? | Cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral. |
| What's the difference between dorsal and ventral? | Dorsal is back (posterior), ventral is front (anterior). |
| Are plexuses somatic or autonomic? | They are somatic. |
| How many nerves connect the CNS to their targets? | 2 |
| What is the second nerve that connects the CNS to a target called? What is the first nerve? | A ganglion is the second nerve. The first is in grey matter in the spinal cord. |
| What is a paravertebral ganglia? | A collection of nerves located on either side of the spinal cord. |
| What is norepinephrine? | A neurotransmitter secreted by the thoracolumbar division of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates the fight for flight response. |
| Where is acetylcholine used in the nervous system? | In the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, when the craniosacral division secretes it as a neurotransmitter. |
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