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Language of Medicine
Chapter 1: Basic Word Structure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adenoidectomy | removal of adenoids |
| adenoid hypertrophy | excessive development of adenoids |
| alveolar | pertaining to an alveolus |
| bronchospasm | involuntary contraction of bronchial tube muscles |
| bronchiectasis | dilation of bronchial tubes |
| bronchodilator | substance that widens bronchial tubes |
| bronchiolitis | inflammation of bronchioles |
| hypercapnia | excessive carbon dioxide in the blood |
| pneumoconiosis | abnormal condition of dust in the lungs |
| cyanosis | bluish coloration of skin |
| epiglottitis | inflammation of the epiglottis |
| laryngeal | pertaining to the larynx |
| laryngospasm | contraction of muscles of the larynx |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the voice box |
| lobectomy | removal of a lobe of the lung |
| mediastinoscopy | visual examination of the mediastinum |
| paranasal sinuses | pertaining to spaces in the skull near the nose |
| nasogastric tube | tube placed from nose into stomach |
| orthopnea | breathing discomfort in any position except straight up |
| hypoxia | deficiency of oxygen due to decreased oxygen in blood |
| exporation | expulsion of material (mucus or phlegm) |
| pharyngeal | pertaining to the throat |
| dysphonia | difficult or abnormal voice |
| phrenic nerve | nerve carrying messages from brain to diaphragm |
| pleurodynia | pain from inflammation of pleura |
| pleural effusion | fluid collects in the pleural cavity |
| pneumothorax | air within the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs |
| pneumonectomy | removal of a lung |
| pulmonary | pertaining to lungs |
| rhinorrhea | discharge from the nose |
| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| sinusitis | inflammation of sinuses |
| spirometer | instrument to measure breathing |
| expiration | expulsion of air from the lungs |
| respiration | breathing |
| atelectasis | incomplete expansion of a lung |
| thoracotomy | incision of the chest |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| tonsillectomy | removal of tonsils |
| tracheotomy | incision of the trachea |
| tracheal stenosis | pertaining to narrowing of trachea |
| empyema | pus in the pleural cavity |
| anosmia | absence of the sense of smell |
| apnea | stoppage of breathing |
| dyspnea | difficult breathing |
| hyperpnea | increase in depth of breathing |
| tachypnea | increase in rate of breathing |
| hemoptysis | spitting up blood |
| asphyxia | decrease in oxygen & increase in CO2 in blood - no pulse |
| hemothorax | blood in pleural cavity |
| pyothorax | pus in pleural cavity |
| auscultation | listening to sounds within the body |
| percussion | tapping on surface to determine density differences |
| pleural rub | scratchy sound by pleural surfaces |
| rales | abnormal crackling sounds in alveoli |
| sputum | material expelled from chest |
| purulent | containing pus - sputum |
| stridor | strained, high-pitched sound on inspiration |
| croup | acute viral infection |
| diphtheria | acute infection of throat |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| pertussis | bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, trachea |
| bronchiectasis | chronic dilation of a bronchus (secondary) |
| atelectasis | collapsed,airless lung |
| pneumoconiosis | abnormal condition caused by dust in lungs |
| pulmonary abscess | large collection of pus in lungs |
| pulmonary edema | swelling and fluid in air sacs and bronchioles |
| pulmonary embolism (PE) | clot in vessels of lung |
| pulmonary infarction | area of dead (necrotic) tissue |
| pulmonary fibrosis | formation of scar tissue in connective tissue |
| sarcoidosis | chronic inflammation causing tubercles to develop |
| mesothelioma | rare malignant tumor in pleura |
| pleural effusion | abnormal accumulation of fluid in pleural space |
| pleurisy (pleuritis) | inflammation of the pleura |
| pneumothorax | collection of air in pleural space |
| exudate | fluid, cells, substances slowly leave cell through pores or breaks in cell membranes |
| hydrothorax | collection of fluid in pleural cavity |
| palliative | relieving symptoms, but not curing |
| paroxysmal | sudden spasm or seizure |
| silicosis | silica or glass dust in lungs |
| thoracentesis | surgical puncture removing fluid from pleural space |
| tube thoracostomy | chest tube in chest to continuously drain pleural effusion |
| ABGs | arterial blood gases |
| AFB | acid-fast bacillus |
| ARDS | adult respiratory distress syndrome |
| BAL | bronchial aveolar lavage |
| Bronch | bronchoscopy |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| CTA | clear to auscultation |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| DLco | diffusion in capacity of lung for carbon monoxide |
| DOE | dyspnea on exertion |
| DPI | dry powder inhaler |
| DPT | diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus |
| FEV 1 | Forced expirations volume in first second |
| FVC | forced vital capacity |
| LLL | left lower lobe |
| LUL | left upper lobe |
| MDI | metered-dose inhaler |
| NIV | noninvasive ventilation |
| NSCLC | non-small cell lung cancer |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| PaCO2 | carbon dioxide partial pressure |
| PaO2 | oxygen partial pressure |
| PCP | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
| PE | pulmonary embolism |
| PEEP | positive end expiratory pressure |
| PFTs | pulmonary function tests |
| PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
| PPD | purified protein derivative |
| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome |
| RLL | right lower lobe |
| RSV | respiratory syncytial virus |
| RUL | right upper lobe |
| SCLC | small cell lung cancer |
| SIMV | synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| Root | Foundation of the word |
| Suffix | word ending |
| Combining Vowel | usually O |
| Prefix | the small part that is attached to the begining of a term. |
| Combining form | combination of the root and the combining vowel. |
| aden/o | gland |
| arthr/o | joint |
| bi/o | life |
| carcin/o | cancerous, cancer |
| cardi/o | heart |
| cephal/o | head |
| cerebr/o | cerebrum (largest part of the brain) |
| cis/o | to cut |
| crin/o | to secrete(to form and give off) |
| cyst/o | urinary bladder; a sac or a cyst (sac containing fluid) |
| cyt/o | cell |
| derm/o | skin |
| dermat/o | skin |
| electr/o | electricity |
| encephal/o | brain |
| enter/o | intestines (usually the small intestine) |
| erythr/o | red |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| glyc/o | sugar |
| gnos/o | knowledge |
| gynec/o | woman, female |
| hemat/o | blood |
| hem/o | blood |
| hepat/o | liver |
| iatr/o | treatment, physician |
| leuk/o | white |
| log/o | study of |
| nephr/o | kidney |
| neur/o | nerve |
| onc/o | tumor |
| ophthalm/o | eye |
| oste/o | bone |
| path/o | disease |
| ped/o | child |
| psych/o | mind |
| radi/o | x-rays |
| ren/o | kidney |
| rhin/o | nose |
| sarc/o | flesh |
| sect/o | to cut |
| thromb/o | clot, clotting |
| ur/o | urinary tract, urine |
| -ac | pertaining to |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -algia | pain |
| -cyte | cell |
| -ectomy | excision, removal |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -genic | pertaining to, produce,produced by, or produced in |
| -globin | protein |
| -gram | record |
| -ic, -ical | pertaining to |
| -ion | process |
| -ist | specialist |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -logy | process of study |
| -oma | tumor, mass, swelling |
| -opsy | process of viewing |
| -osis | condition, usually abnormal (slight increase in numbers when used with white blood cells) |
| -pathy | disease condition |
| -scope | instrument to visually examine |
| -scopy | process of visually examining with an endoscope |
| -sis | state of; condition |
| -y | process, condition |
| a- | no, not, without |
| an- | no, not, without |
| aut- | self, own |
| auto- | self, own |
| dia- | through, complete |
| end- | within |
| endo- | within |
| epi- | above, upon |
| ex- exo- | out, outside of, outward |
| hyper- | deficient, below, under, less than normal |
| in- | into, in |
| peri- | surrounding, around |
| pro- | before, forward |
| re- | back, backward, again |
| retro- | behind |
| sub- | below, under |
| trans- | across, through |
Created by:
mbarjranch
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