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Integument 2
For quiz 1 Path 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Solar keratosis | Usually on lightly pigmented or poorly haired areas such as belly or prepuce |
| Three ways solar damage occurs | Free radical formation, alteration in sulfide or and hydrogen bonds, and pyrimidine dimer formation |
| What do you see histologically in solar dermatosis | Sunburn cells and solar elastosis, poss some hyperplasia and dysplasia |
| What are your three types of photosensitization | Primary: ingestion of chemicals (st.johns wort and tetracyclines), Metabolic: Abnormal porphyrin metabolism, Hepatogenous: Liver fail, phylloethrin |
| Which type of photosensitization is the most common? | Hepatogenous, usually from toxic plant ingestion |
| What will you see with hepatogenous photosensitization | Lesions in non-pigmented areas |
| Facial eczema in sheep type | Type 3 photosensesitization |
| What causes facial eczema in sheep | Ingestion of pithomyces chartarum, sporidesmin damages bile duct |
| Fungal alkaloid ingestion | Stim adrenergic nerves -> vasocontriction -> ischemic necrosis (Dry gangrene) |
| Types of fungal alkaloids | Ergotism from Claviceps and fescue foot w/ ergovaline from neotyphodium coenphialum |
| Intertrigo | Skin to skin contact which can lead to trauma from rubbing and moisture |
| Poxvirus | Proliferative and necrotizing dermatitis |
| Poxvirus vectors | Mosquitoes, lice, flies |
| Avian pox | Wet form (on mucosal membranes), dry form (non feathered areas) |
| Capripox | Lumpy skin disease on cattle, REPORTABLE |
| Cowpox | Only on teat and udder |
| Contagious echtyma of sheep and goats | Usually on mouth of young, parapoxvirus, ZOONOTIC |
| Squirrel pox | Red squirrel |
| Swinepox | Haematopinus suis |
| Papillomavirus | Trauma -> entry in strat basale |
| Dermatotrophic Herpesvirus | Skin target, bovine herp 2 |
| Non-Dermatotrophic Herpesvirus | Organs target, cooler temp, feline herp 1, bov herp 1, eq herp 3 |
| Viral Vasculitis damage due to | Direct vascular damage and immune complex deposition |
| Viral vasculitis Swine | circovirus, afsivirus, and pestivirus |
| Superficial pyoderma targets | epidermis and hair follicle openings |
| Deep pyoderma targets | Hair follicles, glands, dermis, subcutis, lymph nodes |
| Which is the most common bacteria that is in deep pyodermas | Staphylococcus |
| Bacteremia damage due to | direct vascular damage, toxins (LPS), immune complex deposition |
| Malassezia pachydermis | Normal fungal flora of skin |
| Dermatophytosis | Ringworm, infects follicle, epidermis and nail keratin |
| SubQ fungi | Need traumatic implantation, make draining tracts |
| Systemic fungi | Granuloma plus draining tract |
| Systemic fungi names | Blastomyces, histoplasma, cryptococcus, coccidiodies |
| Which stain for yeast | GMS stains black |
| Demodex | usually normal, folliculitis, and alopecia in immunocompromised |
| Scabies | VERY ITCHY, burrows into skin -> hyperkeratosis |
| 2 types of lice | anoplura(Sucking) and mallophaga(chewing) |
| habronema muscae | Flies deposit larvae in moist surfaces like mouth |
| Stephanofilaria stilesi | Ventral midline distribution of dermatitis (worms) |
| Girrafe skin disease | caused by nematode related to Stephanofilaria |
| Type 1- hypersensitivity | Immediate type, IgE, urticaria and hives, atopy. |
| Type 2- hypersensitivity | Cytotoxic, IgG, vesicle formation |
| Type 3-hypersensitivity | Immune complex, skin is innocent bystander. Ventral edema |
| Type 4- hypersensitivity | Delayed type or cell mediated, MHC, can happen in topical preventatives or poison ivy |
| Which hypersensitivity is mediated by T lymphocytes | Type 4 |
| Which breed has a high incidence of atopy with type 1 hypersensitivity | Frenchies and highland white terriers |
| How does atopy occur in type 1 hypersensitivity | Filaggrin aggregates keratin in strat corneum |
| Which disease is a mixed reaction | Systemic lupus, type 2 and 3 |
| Porcine juvenile pustular psoriasiform | Not itchy, ventral abdomen scroll like lines of hyperkeratosis, regresses with age |
| Plasma cell pododermatitis | Plasmocytic inflamm of paw pad. Not painful |
| Feline eosinophilic granuloma complex | Type 1 hypersense or autoimmunity |
| What are the three presentations of Feline eosinophilic granuloma complex | Eosinophilic plaque (on ventral abdomen, looks like weird abs), eosinophilic granuloma (lower lip), and indolent ulcer (Ulcer on mouth) |
| Juvenile sterile granulomatous dermatitis | Puppy strangles, painful |
| Post rabies vaccine panniculitis | Type 3 hypersense, ischemia of overlying tissue |
| Symmetrical lupoid onychitis | Brittle claws, PAINFUL. Amputate third phalanx |
| Epithelial epidermal cell tumors | Scc |
| Epithelial follicle cell tumors | Trichoepithelioma |
| Epithelial gland cell tumors | sebaceous adenoma/ carcinoma |
| Round cell immune tumors | Lymphoma, and histiocytoma |
| Spindle cell blood vessel tumors | Hemangiosarcoma/ hemangioma |
| Spindle cell fibroblast tumors | Fibroma |
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