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Integument 1
For quiz 1 Path 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epidermal layers Surface to deep | Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale. Come, lets, get, sun, burned |
| Where do you find stratum lucidum | On hairless parts of body |
| Histyocytoma | From langerhan cells, usually go away on their own |
| Cells in epidermis | Melanocytes, langerhans, merkel cells |
| Functions of dermis | Tensile strength and elasticity, vascular supply |
| Hair growth cycle order | Anagen-> catagen -> telogen ->return to anagen -> early anagen |
| Early anagen | germ cells in hair bulb proliferate |
| Anagen | New hair grows |
| Catagen | Growth stops |
| Telogen | Mature hair |
| Exogen | hair falls out |
| Sebaceous gland | Secretes sebum |
| Sweat gland Eocrine | Tubular, secrete onto epidermal surface |
| Sweat gland Apocrine | Coiled, secrete at follicular ostia |
| Portals of entry for epidermis | Absorption, penetrating trauma, UV exposure, Direct contact with irritant, extreme temperatures, hematogenous, nerves, through follicle |
| Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae | Diamond skin, hematogenous spread |
| Feline Herpes 1 | Nerve, ulcerative facial dermatitis |
| Demodex | Live in hair |
| Hyperkaratosis | Increased thickness in strat corneum |
| Two types of Hyperkaratosis | Orthokeratosis and Parakeratosis |
| Difference between the two types of hyperkeratosis? | Orthokeratosis has no nuclei present, parakaratosis has nuclei. O as in NO, Paranormal cause parakara is abnormal |
| Zinc responsive dermatosis | Parakeratosis, nutritional |
| Hepatocutaneous syndrome | Parakeratosis, disease |
| Lupus Erythematosus | Apoptosis of keratinocytes |
| Edema | Intercellular (Spongiosis)- secondary to trauma or acute inflamm |
| Hydropic/ Balloning | Intracellular- cytoplasmic swelling. Has viral inclusions |
| Acantholysis | Immune mediated injury and occasionally pyoderma, disruption of intercellular attachments |
| Vesicle | Less than 1 cm |
| Bulla | Greater than 1 cm |
| Ruptured vesicle can lead to | Erosion |
| Crust | Dried fluid and cellular debris |
| Rain rot | Dermatophilus congolensis |
| If you see a chain of cocci from a crust sample, what disease could this be? | Rain rot |
| Normal increased melanin production | Lentigo (orange cats) |
| Rare cause of hyperpigmentation | Increased # of melanocytes |
| Lichenification | Hyperpigmentation with hyperkeratosis due to chronic self-trauma |
| Hypopigmentation | Albinism- congenital or hereditary mutation. Aquired- nutrition (copper), trauma, Immune mediated, or age related |
| Leukotricha | Unknown cause of loss of pigment (Pretty dog |
| What can occur in cats with hyperadrenocorticism? | Skin fragility syndrome |
| Two phases of fibrosis | Phase 1: Granulation tissue, Phase 2: Scar formation |
| What can occur in a horse with excess granulation tissue | Proud flesh |
| Mucin | GAG accumulation -> myxedema (high affinity for water) Looks like Shar pei dog |
| What can cause myxedema | Hyperthyroidism |
| 4 types of mineral accumulation in skin | dystrophic, metastatic, iatrogenic, and idoipathic |
| Acute dermatitis | Less than 3 days, hyperemia, edema, fibrin, neutrophils |
| Acute dermatitis can result in 3 outcomes | Complete resolution, resolution with scar, and progression |
| Chronic dermatitis | 2 weeks, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, abscesses. Fibrosis-> scaring |
| Acral lick dermatitis | hypertrophy of hair follicles |
| Folliculitis | inflammation of hair follicle |
| Perifolliculitis | Around follicle |
| Mural folliculitis | Within wall |
| Luminal folliculitis | within follicle lumen |
| Furunculosis | Hair follicle rupture |
| Hidradenitis | Inflammation of apocrine sweat gland |
| Sebaceous adenitis | Inflammation of sebaceous gland, usually seen in poodle or akita |
| How do you diagnose Sebaceous adenitis | Skin biopsy |
| Panniculitis | Inflammation of subcuticular adipose tissue, looks like lots of bumps under skin |