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Anatomy Ch. 6 Part 1
Skeletal System Quiz (anatomy of a long bone, growth, fractures)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| calcium | main mineral that makes up bones |
| periosteum | tough, fibrous, connective tissue covering on the outside of a bone |
| endosteum | thin layer of epithelium lining the medullary cavity |
| epiphysis | the enlarged end at either end of a long bone |
| diaphysis | the long shaft of the bone between the growth plates |
| medullary cavity | the inside of the diaphysis, lined with endosteum and filled with yellow marrow |
| compact bone | forms the outer, hard shell of the bone around the medullary cavity and providing the strength and structure to the bone |
| spongy bone | bone with porous spaces filled with red marrow; found in the epiphyses and where red blood cell formation occurs |
| hematopoiesis | scientific term for the formation of blood cells; occurs in the red marrow of the spongy bone |
| red marrow | tissue that fills the spaces of the spongy bone and produces blood cells |
| osteocyte | bone cell |
| hyaline cartilage | what bones are made of in the womb before ossifying |
| simple fx | break in a bone that does not puncture the skin |
| compound fx | break in a bone that DOES puncture the skin |
| complete fx | when the bone is broken all the way through into 2 or more pieces |
| incomplete fx | when the bone is not broken all the way through |
| transverse fx | when the break is perpendicular to the length of the bone |
| linear fx | when the break is in line with the length of the bone |
| oblique fx | when the break is diagonal to the length of the bone |
| greenstick fx | due to bending; break is on the outer arc of the bone |
| compacted fx | when ends of the broken bone are pushed into each other |
| comminuted fx | break in the bone is in several fragments |
| spiral fx | due to twisting of the bone; the break is ragged |
| segmented fx | when a piece is broken out of the bone |
| compression | when a bone is crushed and is now smaller due to the excessive force |
| blood clot | what forms right after a bone is fractured |
| soft callus | the stage of fracture repair when new cartilage forms to mend the fracture |
| hard callus | the stage of fracture repair when the new cartilage is becoming ossified (turned into bone) |
| remodeling | the final stage of fracture repair when any excess new bone is sculpted into the bones final shape |
| fracture (fx) | a break in a bone |
Created by:
Mrs. Meeks SHS
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