Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P 1
Chapters 4 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the basic steps of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? | Substrate and enzyme combine, forming an E-S complex. The reaction occurs, products are released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled. |
| In addition to carbohydrates, lipids and proteins also can be metabolized to generate ATP via the aerobic respiration pathway. | True |
| At what point is water produced during cellular respiration? | At end of the electron transport chain. |
| An active site is the part of a substrate molecule that binds to an enzyme. | False |
| The synthesis of an ATP molecule requires two ADP molecules. | False |
| What is the mRNA codon that functions as an "initiation codon", indicating the start of the encoded protein? | AUG |
| Any molecule within a cell that has a uracil group will also contain__________. | Ribose |
| What factors increase the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions? | The number of enzyme molecules, the number of substrate molecules, and efficiency of the enzyme. |
| An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose, and three phosphate groups. | True |
| Before the carbohydrates from the diet can be used for the production of ATP, what process must occur? | Hydrolysis of carbohydrate molecules to monosaccharides. |
| What term is defined as the ability to do work? | Energy |
| How might a cell that has an altered DNA sequence correct this problem? | Initiate the DNA damage response. |
| Which option lists the structures in order of increasing size? | Nitrogenous base; nucleotide; gene; chromosome; genome |
| A cofactor is__________. Examples are__________. | a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc |
| DNA and RNA differ in number of strands, type of sugar, and types of nitrogenous bases. | True |
| What type of RNA binds to an amino acid? | tRNA |
| The compound called pyruvic acid combines with oxaloacetic acid to start the citric acid cycle. | False |
| Name the process by which a mRNA strand is built using a DNA sequence as a template. | Transcription |
| The genetic code is the correspondence between DNA sequence and amino acid sequence of a protein. | True |
| During the process of translation, what type of bond forms between the amino acids of the growing polypeptide strand? | Peptide bonds |
| Where does the binding of tRNA to mRNA occur? | At a ribosome |
| Which of the following is an example of an anabolic reaction? | Producing glycogen to store excess glucose. |
| What is the role of the electron transport chain? | To convert energy carried by NADH+ and FADH to ATP. |
| Phospholipids are critical structures in cell membranes and are therefore enzymes. | False |
| Name the molecule that is common to both the carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways and connects these two pathways metabolically. | Acetyl coenzyme A |
| The disaccharide sucrose is broken down to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. What is true about this reaction? | A water molecule is used. |
| During the anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration, pyruvic acid reacts to form glucose. | False |
| Of the 64 possible codons, how many correspond to the twenty types of amino acids? | 61 |
| What is the function of RNA polymerase? | It assists in the transcription process of a DNA molecule to mRNA. |
| Glycogenesis is the catabolic reaction that produces individual glucose molecules. | False |
| What is true about the anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration? | Energy is transferred to ATP molecules. |
| What is an important mechanism that controls metabolic pathways? | Negative feedback |
| What is the genetic code? | Correlation between a sequence of three DNA nucleotides and a specific amino acid. |
| A cell is known to have a mutation in the DNA sequence of a gene that codes for an enzyme, but it still produces a functional enzyme. Why might this happen? | The mutation did not lead to a change in the amino acid sequence of the enzyme. |
| What is a mutation? | A error in a DNA sequence. |
| A strand of DNA has the sequence TCAGGCTAT. What is the sequence of its complementary DNA strand? | AGTCCGATA |
| Catalase is the enzyme that breaks down what substrate? | Hydrogen peroxide |
| Three types of RNA participate in protein synthesis. | True |
| If you were to sequence the genome of two individuals and found that their DNA is 99.9% similar, what inference could you make? | ... |
| The addition of water molecules to break bonds occurs in__________, whereas water molecules are released as bonds are formed in__________. | hydrolysis; dehydration synthesis |
| After glycolysis and the citric acid cycle has occurred, where is most of the energy that was contained in the original glucose molecule now contained? | In NADH and FADH. |
| Which of the following describes RNA? | It is single stranded and includes the bases A, U, C, and G. |
| Which of the following best describes the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate? | Part of the enzyme temporarily binds to part of the substrate molecule. |
| What is the overall function of cellular respiration? | To release energy from nutrient molecules to be used as cellular energy. |
| A cell is unable to breakdown glucose into pyruvate due to a mutation in a gene that produces an enzyme. What process would this mutated enzyme affect? | Glycolysis |
| Which of the following describes an enzyme? | A catalyst for a chemical reaction. |
| What nitrogenous base is part of DNA, but not RNA? | Thymine |
| When does DNA replication occur? | During interphase of the cell cycle |
| Codons are found in what type of molecule? | mRNA |
| How much of the human genome encodes for proteins? | 2% |
| If the DNA sequence ATGCTCAT was found to have the complimentary strand TACGGGTA, which of the following is possible? | There was an error during DNA replication. |
| The breakdown of glucose to release energy is an example of oxidation. | True |
| Catabolism is the building of large molecules from small ones. Anabolism is the breaking down of large molecules into smaller ones. | False |
| How is a peptide bond formed? | Dehydration synthesis with amino acids as substrates. |
| Name the molecule that is common to both the carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways and connects these two pathways metabolically. | Acetyl coenzyme A |
| When does DNA replication occur? | During interphase of the cell cycle |
| In addition to carbohydrates, lipids and proteins also can be metabolized to generate ATP via the aerobic respiration pathway. | True |
| The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the__________ , and the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the__________. | cytoplasm; mitochondria |
| Any molecule within a cell that has a uracil group will also contain__________. | ribose |
| During the anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration, pyruvic acid reacts to form glucose. | False |
Created by:
Bbuck1
Popular Anatomy sets