Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy Final Study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oligodendrocytes | - Central body w/ processes that wrap around neuron processes - Form insulating myelin sheath around CNS nerve fibers |
| Schwann cells | - Entire cell wrap around neuron processes - Form insulating myelin sheath around PNS nerve fibers |
| Axon | - The axon of a neuron is a single process that usually extends from a tapered portion of the cell body called the axon hillock. - axons conduct impulses away from the cell body |
| Dendrite | - dendrites branch from the cell body --like tiny trees. - dendrites receive impulses and direct the electrical signal towards the cell body to initiate the nerve signal. |
| What does the Medulla Oblongata control? | - Controls vital reflexes: cardiac, vasomotor (vessel muscles) and respiratory. Also it controls non-vital reflexes: Vomiting, coughing, sneezing, hiccuping and swallowing. |
| What is the Babinski sign? | - Extension of the great toe, with or without fanning of the other toes in response to stimulation of the outer margin of the sole of the foot. Should be surpressed by 18 mo. |
| alpha-1 receptor function? | - Smooth muscle in blood vessels, urogenital tract, sphinters (excitatory). |
| alpha-2 receptor function? | - Presynaptic ANS terminals (inhibitory) |
| beta-1 receptor function? | - cardiac muscle (excitatory) |
| beta-2 receptor function? | - smooth muscle of airways, gut, vessels (inhibitory) |
| beta-3 receptor function? | - smooth muscle in urinary bladder (inhibitory), adipose cells (to release FFAs) |
| Prostaglandins | - source: diverse tissues throughout the body - action: effects as regulation, inflammation, muscle contraction in vessels |
| Thromboxanes | - source: platelets - action: increase platelet stickiness, promote blood clotting, causes constriction of the vessels |
| Leukotrienes | - source: white blood cells - action: local inflammatory response triggered by allergens, including constriction of airways, and other inflammatory responses |
| What are the primary actions of T3 & T4, collectively TH? | - Helps regulate the metabolic rate of all cells, cell growth and tissue differentiation - TH can interact w/ any cell in the body --a general target. |
| When incoming blood pressure in the kidney drops below a certain level the juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes? | - Renin |
| Secretin acts with what other hormone to trigger the pancreas to release digestive enzymes? | - Cholecystokinin (CCK) |
| Stages of Coagulation | - Stage 1: Activation pathways (intrinsic and extrinsic) - Stage 2: Thrombin formation (prothrombin -> thrombin) - Stage 3: Fibrin clot formation (fibrinogen -> fibrin) |
| The electrical conduction pathway of the heart: | - SA node -> AV node -> Bundle of His -> Purkinje fibers |
| What is the QRS complex on an ECG? | - Depolarization of the ventricles. |
| What is an anastomosis? | - They provide detour routes for blood to travel through in the event of obstruction of the main artery (such as the Circle of Willis at the base of the brain). |
| What are the six structures necessary for fetal circulation? | - 1. two umbilical arteries - 2. placenta - 3. umbilical vein - 4. ductus venosus - 5. foramen ovale - 6. ductus arteriosus |
| What is RAAS? | - A mechanism that changes blood plasma volume via the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex that increases Na+ retention in the kidney, pulling water back into the blood plasma when anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) is present. |
| Cardiac Output | - The amount of blood that flows out of the ventricle of the heart/unit of time. - SV X HR = CO |
| Functions of the Spleen | - Defense - Tissue repair - Hematopoiesis - Red blood cell destruction - Platelet destruction - Blood reservoir -> holds ~ 350 mL of blood. |
| What is an Interferon (IFN)? | - IFN proteins interfere w/ the ability of viruses to cause disease, they alarm nearby cells to protect the uninfected cells and promote immune destruction of infected cells. |
| Adaptive Natural Immunity | - Exposure to the causative agent is not deliberate |
| Adaptive Artificial Immunity | - Exposure to the causative agent is deliberate |
| What is Complement? | - A component of blood plasma that consists of at least 20 protein compounds. |
| The seven openings found in the pharynx. | -1. R & L auditory (eustachian) tubes opening into the nasopharynx - 2. Two nare openings into the nasopharynx - 3. The mouth known as the fauces, into the oropharynx - 4. The larynx, from the laryngopharynx - 5. The esophagus, from the laryngopharynx |
| The surface of the respiratory membrane inside each alveolus is coated w/ a fluid containing _______ produced by type II cells of the alveolar wall. | - Surfactant. |
Created by:
Nomi1112
Popular Anatomy sets