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Table 3.2

Classification of drugs by their intended effect

TermDefinition
Agonist Produces a physiological action by binding a receptor for a naturally occurring substance.
Analgesic Relieves pain without causing unconsciousness.
Anesthetic Relieves pain by abolishing all sensory perception, either locally (local anesthetic) or by producing unconsciousness (general anesthetic).
Antibiotic Extracted from molds or bacteria; prevents other microorganisms from multiplying.
Anticoagulant Inhibits blood clotting.
Antidepressant Counteracts depression and thus elevates mood.
Antihistamine Counteracts the effects of histamine and thus relieves conditions such as congestion and allergy.
Anti-inflammatory Drug Inhibits inflammation.
Antipyretic Reduces fever.
Antitussive Relieves coughing
Decongestant Relieves congestion of swelling of a tissue due to fluid.
Diuretic Increases urine output; often used to lower blood pressure.
Expectorant Promotes bronchial secretion and facilitates the expulsion of mucus from the respiratory tract
Immunosuppressant Inhibits the immune response; often used to reduce the body's tendency to reject an organ transplant or tissue graft.
Interferon A glycoprotein that inhibits The replication of viruses and enhances the immune response; used to treat some forms of cancer and viral infections.
Laxative Mildly stimulates bowl motility and promotes defacation.
Sedative Inhibits nervous activity or nervous simulation of a particular organ - for example, a respiratory, gastric, or cardio sedative.
Tranquilizer Has a calming or soothing effect without a sedative or depressant effect.
Anthelmintic Destroys parasitic worms or enables the body to expel them.
Created by: user-1983800
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