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A+P Exam #3
Muscular System Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is present in a muscle fiber that uses aerobic respiration? | Many mitochondria, extensive blood supply, and high myoglobin – carries oxygen |
| How to muscle fiber resist fatigue? | Function in stabilizing joints, maintaining posture, and endurance activities. |
| What is present in a muscle fiber that uses anaerobic respiration? | Few mitochondria and no significant myoglobin. |
| How are the ratio of slow vs. fast muscle fibers determined? | Genetically, but training can induce conversion between fast fibers |
| What factors impact muscle contraction? | Load, recruitment, and the degree of muscle stretch |
| What are the function of skeletal muscles? | Produce voluntary movement, maintain posture and stabilize joints, protect organs, and generate heat |
| What causes muscle atrophy? | Disuse and aging. |
| What are the attachment sites of facial muscles? | The bones of skull and the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. |
| What are the attachments of the zygomaticus major? | The zygomatic bone and skin around mouth. |
| What are the attachments of the depressor anguli oris? | The mandible and skin around mouth. |
| What are the attachments of the temporalis? | Lateral cranium and mandible. |
| What are the attachments of the masseter? | Zygomatic arch and mandible. |
| What are the two muscles of mastication? | The temporalis and the masseter. |
| What is the strongest muscle of mastication? | The masseter. |
| What are the attachments of the genioglossus? | The mandible, hyoid, root of tongue |
| What are the attachments of the sternocleidomastoid? | The sternum, clavicle, mastoid process. |
| What are the attachments of the rectus abdominis? | The pubis, ribs, and sternum. |
| What of the three different attachments of the deltoid? What is the common attachment? | Anterior: Lateral clavicle; Medial: Acromion of scapula; Posterior: Scapular spine; The common distal attachment is the deltoid tuberosity. |
| What are the attachments of the latissimus dorsi? | Lumbar and thoracic vertebrae, iliac crest, anterior humerus. |
| What are the attachments of the serratus anterior? | 1st 9 ribs, medial border of scapula |
| What are the four rotator cuff muscles? | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis |
| What are the attachments of the supraspinatus? | Supraspinous fossa, proximal humerus. |
| What are the attachments of the trapezius? | Occipital, cervical and thoracic verts, clavicle, scapula. |
| What are the attachments of the biceps brachii? | Long head – glenoid of scapula; Short head – coracoid process of scapula; Proximal radius |
| Where are the thick filament anchored? | Tails are anchored to the M line and the heads bind to thin filaments during muscle contraction. |
| Where are the thin filament anchored? | Anchored to Z discs and regulatory proteins, bind to thick filaments at binding sites. |
| What happens ionically during refractory periods? | Na+ is pumped out and K+ in pumped in down concentration gradients. |
Created by:
MadisonFoleyReis
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