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Anatomy_Test_1
anatomy test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Microvilli | projections that increase a cell’s surface area |
| Fat Droplet | loose connective tissue composed of adipose |
| Secretory vessicle | membrane bound organelle which contains molecules ready for secretion across the plasma membrane of the cell |
| Centrosome | the site from which the mitotic spindle is constructed |
| Centrioles | structures in the cytoplasm from which the spindle apparatus is formed |
| Ribosomes | small organelles responsible for protein production |
| Nucleus | houses the cell’s genetic material (DNA) |
| Nucleolus | where ribosomal RNA is transcribed |
| Nuclear envelope | double membrane enclosing the nucleus |
| Mitochondrion | organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is made |
| microfilament | long fibers that functions in movement and support of the cell |
| Golgi vesicle | a membrane-bounded vessicle in the Golgi complex acting as a lysosome or a secretory vessicle in exocytosis |
| Golgi complex | modifies, packages, newly synthesized proteins and synthesizes carbohydrates |
| Lysosome | function is to destroy worn-out/damaged organelles, get rid of waste materials, and protect the cell from foreign invaders |
| Microtubules | move vessicles, granules, organelles and chromosomes via special attachment proteins |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | network of membranous sacs and tubes, active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes. Has a rough (ribsome studded and smooth) |
| Plasma Membrane | membrane enclosing the cell |
| Basement membrane | binds the epithelium to underlying connective tissue |
| Mitosis | a form of cell division in which a cell divides once and produces two genetically identical daughter cells |
| Prophase | chromosomes condense and nuclear envelope breaks down. Spindle fibers grow from centrioles. Centrioles migrate to opposite poles of cells |
| Metaphase | chromosomes lie along the midline of the cell. Some spindle fibers attach to kinetochores. Fibers of aster attach to plasma membrane |
| Anaphase | Centromeres divide into two. Spindle fibers pull sister chromatids to opposite poles of cell. Each pole now has a set of identical genes. |
| Telophase | Chromosomes gather at each pole of cell. Chromatin decondenses. New nuclear envelope appears at each pole. New nucleoli appear in each nuclues. Mitotic spindle vanishes. |
| Hair | protect our bodies from the elements, regulate hear, and sensory item. |
| Sweat pores | to help control body temperature and cool body down |
| Epidermis | protection |
| Dermis | contains blood vessels, nerves, oil and sweat glands |
| Dermal papilla | fingerlike structure for increased surface area in the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste between the dermis and the epidermis |
| Tactile corpuscle | made out of nerve endings functioning as a touch receptor |
| Blood capillaries | pass blood from arteries to veins |
| Hair folicle | a sac from which a hair grows and into which the sebacous glands open |
| Sebaceous gland | secrete an oily substance (sebum) to be used as a barrier against pathogens |
| Apocrine sweat gland | responsible for sweat and body odor |
| Hair bulb | portion of the follicle that produces hair |
| Hypodermis | fasten skin to underlying surface, provide thermal insulation, and absorb shock from impacts to the skin |
| Merocrine sweat gland | helps regulate body’s temperature |
| Sensory nerve fibers | receive sensory stimuli |
| Motor nerve fibers | a neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord |
| Piloerector muscle | makes hair stand |
| Stratum basale | (FIRST LAYER)consists of a layer of cuboidal to low collumnar cells and keratinocytes resting on the basement membrane |
| Stratum spinosum | (SECOND LAYER) thickest stratum, consists of layers of keratinocytes |
| Stratum granulosum | (THIRD LAYER) consists of 3-5 layers of flat keratinocytes. |
| Stratum lucidum | (FOURTH LAYER) thin translucent zone seen only in thick skin, kerotinocytes are densely packed |
| Stratum coreneum | (FIFTH LAYER)consists of up to 30 layers of dead scaly keratinized cells forming a durable surface layer |
| Epithelial Tissue | tissues composed of layers of closely spaced cells that cover organ surfaces or form glands; serves for protection, secretion, and absoprtion |
| Connnective Tissue | tissue with usually more matrix than cell volume;specialized to support, bind, and protect organs |
| Nervous Tissue | tissue containing excitable cells specialized for rapid tissue transmission of coded information to other cells |
| Muscular Tissue | tissue composed of elongated, excitable cells specialized for contraction |
| Simple Gland | have a single unbranched duct |
| Compound Gland | have a branched duct |
| Tubular Gland | duct and secretory portion are of uniform diameter |
| Acinar Gland | secretory cells form a dialated sac (acinus) |
| Tubuloacinar gland | a gland which both the acini and tubules secrete a product |
Created by:
kawaiixhime
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