Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Regilyn Balliao
Anatomy Assignment 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Sartorius muscle, a thin straplike muscle would have muscle fascicles arranged in | parallel |
| A muscle with fascicles that insert into the tendon from both sidesis categorized as | bipennate |
| The muscle that helps hold the scapula against the thorax and is useful in pushing or punching movements is the | serratus anterior |
| The individual muscle fibers are covered by a connective tissue membrane called the | endomysium |
| The term _____ is used to describe a muscle that directly performs a specific movement. | agonist |
| The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle and is outside the epimysium and tendon is called the | fascia |
| The common tendon of the gastrocnemius and soleus is called the | calcaneal tendon |
| This arrangement of muscle fascicles tends to be triangular in shape. The Pectoralis major is an example of a muscle with this type of muscle fascicle arrangement. | convergent |
| A muscle with fascicles that insert into only one side of the tendon is categorized as | unipennate |
| The continuous low level of sustained contraction maintained by all skeletal muscles is muscle | tone |
| The biceps brachii has this fascicle arrangement, which maximizes the range of motion possible. | parallel |
| The point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts is the | origin |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | Flexor |
| The muscle that raises or lowers the shoulders or shrugs them is the: | trapezius |
| Poor posture puts abnormal strain on bones and may eventually produce deformities. True or False? | True |
| The covering of individual muscle fibers is the: | endomysium |
| The soleus muscle is an example of a _____ muscle. | pennate |
| What are muscle that moves the foot? | Peroneus longus, Tibialis anterior, Soleus |
| Muscles that move the upper arm originate on the: | clavicle and scapula |
| A muscle is attached to the femur and tibia. Its function or action is to bend the knee. When it contracts, it is acting as the: | prime mover |
| In pushing (pressing) a weight from shoulder height to above the head, which of the following muscles is least utilized? Triceps brachii, Biceps brachii, or Deltoid? | Biceps brachii |
| The flexor muscles that move the fingers are mostly located on the: | anterior medial surface of the forearm |
| The muscle that extends and adducts the arm is the: | latissimus dorsi |
| The posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm is the: | triceps brachii |
| The latissimus dorsi muscle is an example of a _____ muscle. | spiral |
| Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the: | perimysium |
| Muscles may be named according to: | function, direction of fibers, and points of attachment. |
| What are the posterior muscles that acts on the shoulder girdle? | Trapezius, Levator scapulae, Rhomboideus |
| The sternocleidomastoid muscle is an example of a muscle named for its: | points of attachment |
| Muscles located on the lower leg move the: | foot |
| What are the muscles that move the upper arm? | Pectoralis major, Latissimus dorsi, Deltoid |
| The linea alba is a band of connective tissue that runs over the rectus abdominis from the xiphoid process to the pubis. True or False? | True |
| A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region. | right hypochondriac |
| The smallest living units of structure and function in the body are: | cells. |
| If your reference point is “farthest from the trunk of the body” versus “nearest to the trunk of the body,” where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle? | Proximal |
| Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of life? Digestion Balance Conductivity Circulation Reproduction | Balance |
| Blood production is a function of which system? | Skeletal |
| The gallbladder lies in the: | abdominal cavity. |
| An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included? | Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac |
| Molecules are: | atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates. |
| When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n): | tissue. |
| Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are examples of: | organelles. |
| The mediastinum contains all of the following except the: trachea. venae cavae. right lung. esophagus. | right lung. |
| From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are: | chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism. |
| Two major cavities of the human body are: | ventral/dorsal. |
| The neck is ______ as compared to the right shoulder. | Medial |
| Several kinds of tissues working together are termed a(n): | organ |
| In anatomical position the wrist is ___________ as compared to the elbow | inferior |
| As an anatomical region, lumbar refers to | the infero-medial aspect of the back. |
| The knee is ________ to the foot. | proximal |
| Anatomy is defined as the study of the _____ of a living organism. | structure |
| Which structure is located entirely within the right upper quadrant? | gallbladder |
| The gluteal region is ________ to the popliteal region. | superior |
| A solution that contains a greater concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) than hydrogen ions (H+) is a(n) _____ solution. | alkaline (basic) |
| An ionic bond is formed by: | a positive and a negative ion attracting each other. |
| The process of the digestion of food is an example of which type of reaction? | Decomposition |
| The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of: | one proton and two neutrons. |
| Which of the following represents properties of water? High specific heat High heat of vaporization Strong polarity All of the above | All of the above |
| When atoms combine, they may gain, lose, or share: | electrons. |
| Which of the following bonds are the weakest? Ionic Hydrogen Electrovalent Covalent | Hydrogen |
| Which of the following is not one of the major elements present in the human body? Oxygen Zinc Carbon Potassium | Zinc |
| An example of a catabolic process is: | hydrolysis |
| The study of metabolism includes examination of: catabolism. anabolism. ATP requirements. all of the above. | all of the above. |
| The type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances is called a(n) _____ reaction. | synthesis |
| The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell? | Four |
| The most abundant and important compound(s) in the body is(are): | water |
| Which of the following elements is least likely to combine with another element? Hydrogen Helium Oxygen Carbon | Helium |
| Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is: | two |
| An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element. | neutrons |
| The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called: | dehydration synthesis. |
| Atomic mass is determined by the number of: | protons and neutrons. |
| The octet rule refers to the: | stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level. |
| Acids: are proton donors. taste sour. release hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution. All of the above are true of acids. | All of the above are true of acids. |
| As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the: | solution becomes more acidic. |
| In the presence of a base, red litmus paper will: | turn blue. |
| Which of the following represents a trace element in the body? | Iron |
| AB + CD → AD + CB is an example of a(n) _____ reaction. | exchange |
| A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. | 12; 13; 10 |
| Approximately what percentage of the body weight of an adult female is water? | 50% |
| A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n): | electron. |
| Hydrolysis _____ a water molecule. | breaks down compounds by adding |
| Salts: | can form as the result of a chemical reaction between acids and bases. are electrolytes. will form crystals if the water is removed. |
| The element oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it contains: | eight protons. |
| Acids, bases, and salts belong to a large group of compounds called | electrolytes. |
| The most abundant element essential to life is | carbon |
| An atom can be described as chemically inert if its outermost electron shell contains _____ electrons. | eight |
| For sodium to transform from a neutral atom to a positive ion, it must: | lose an electron. |
| What term is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells? | metabolism |
| A molecule that is polar: | can form a hydrogen bond. has an unequal charge. |
| Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons are called: | covalent |
| Atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. This tendency is called the | octet rule. |
| The type of chemical reaction most likely to require energy is a(n) _____ reaction. | synthesis |
| The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a: | synthesis reaction. |
| The total number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the number of: | protons in its nucleus. |
| As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes _____, and the solution becomes more _____. | down; acidic |
| Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the: | transfer of electrons from one atom to another. |
| Which of the following is not a subatomic particle? Proton Electron Radon Neutron | Radon |
| Which type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of a complex substance into two or more simpler substances? | decomposition reaction |
| A weak acid: | dissociates very little in solution. |
| The elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up which percentage of the human body? | 96% |
| A substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called a(n) | element. |
| Electrolytes are: | called cations if they have a positive charge. |
| As the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) increases, the: | solution becomes more basic. pH rises. |
| A force holding two atoms together is a(n) | chemical bond. |
| As a result of which reaction during catabolism is a water molecule added to break a larger compound into smaller subunits? | hydrolysis |
| An element that contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons is called a(n) | isotope |
| Hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule. Such molecules are said to be | polar |
| The atomic number tells you the | number of protons in the nucleus. |
| Acids | release hydrogen ions. |
| Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? | Ribosome |
| describe a structure or function of the proteasome? | Breaking down abnormal and misfolded proteins released from the ER Looks like a hollow cylindrical drum made of protein subunits Requires the small protein called ubiquitin to pull proteins in |
| Lysosomes perform autophagy. This means that they: | break down proteins and cytoplasm that are not needed by “self eating.” |
| Main cell structures include | organelles. plasma membrane cytoplasm. |
| Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are called: | cilia. |
| Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called: | caveolae |
| DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle? | Nucleus |
| Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function? | Cell division |
| Which cell fiber serves as part of our “cellular muscles?” | Microfilament |
| The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the: | peroxisomes. |
| The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: | rRNA. |
| The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? | Cholesterol |
| The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center. | centrosome |
| The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as: | plasma membrane. |
| A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read: | microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments. |
| function of the integral membrane proteins? | Acting as receptors Signal transduction Identification of “self” |
| The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called: | microvilli. |
| How do vesicles move from place to place in an organized way within the cell? | Molecular motors pull them along the microtubules and microfilaments of the cytoskeleton |
| The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the: | phospholipid bilayer. |
| Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by: | desmosomes. |
| The inner membrane of what double-membrane structure is contorted into folds called cristae? | Mitochondrion |
| In the cell membrane, the hydrophilic part of the phospholipid molecule: | faces the exterior of the cell. faces the interior of the cell. |
| function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? | Supplies membrane for use throughout the cell Makes steroid hormones Makes glycoproteins |
| the rough endoplasmic reticulum? | It is made of broad, flattened sacs. It has many ribosomes attached to it. |
| Which are the organelles that allow for the recycling of amino acids in the cell? | Proteasomes |
| The plasma membrane is composed of all of the following except phospholipids. cholesterol. glycoproteins. tubulin protein. | tubulin protein. |
| Ribosomes are organelles that | float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| Which of the following cytoskeleton elements are the largest in diameter? | microtubules |
| Which type of junction is formed when membrane channels of adjacent plasma membranes adhere to each other? | gap junction |
| Which area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell? | centrosome |
| In the matrix of the plasma membrane, a variety of proteins are embedded. Some of these proteins serve as passageway for Na+ ions or glucose. These proteins are called | transport proteins. |
| A major function of the cell membrane is to | control what enters and leaves the cell. |
| This organelle is numerous in liver and kidney cells. | peroxisome |
| Of the following, the only organelle that has a double membrane structure is the | mitochondrion |
| This organelle is primarily a sac of powerful digestive enzymes called acid hydrolases. | lysosome |
| Which of the following is a type of cell extension that lines the intestines and other areas of the body? | microvilli |
| This organelle primarily modifies products from the rough ER, and it resembles a stack of hollow saucers, one cupped inside the next. | Golgi apparatus |
| Phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged | as a bilayer with their nonpolar tails sandwiched between the polar heads. |
| cytoskeleton element? | microtubule intermediate filament microfilament |
| This organelle has both a cis and a trans face. | Golgi apparatus |
| The inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel-like substance called | cytoplasm |
| Cisternae of this organelle are continuous with the nuclear envelope. | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| The connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones and joints are called _____ membranes. | synovial |
| The union of basal and fibroreticular laminae forms the | basement membrane. |
| Each hair follicle has a small bundle of involuntary muscles attached to it called the | arrector pili muscle. |
| The conducting unit of the nerve tissue is the | neuron |
| Which of the following contains intercalated disks? | cardiac muscle |
| The skin glands include three kinds of microscopic glands. They are the __________ glands. | sweat, sebaceous, and ceruminous |
| Which of the following tissues lack a direct blood supply and consequently heals very slowly? | cartilage |
| Cells in a tissue are surrounded by or embedded in a complex extracellular material called a | matrix |
| Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis? | stratum corneum |
| Which principal type of tissue covers and protects body surfaces and lines body cavities? | epithelial |
| The most abundant and widespread tissue in the body is | connective |
| Of the many different kinds of protein compounds in the body, which is the most abundant? | collagen |
| The _____ junction “glues” the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis. | dermoepidermal |
| The strongest and most durable type of cartilage is | fibrocartilage |
| The dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick _____ layer. | reticular |
| Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue? cardiac blood adipose cartilage | cardiac |
| Mesoderm interacts with endoderm and ectoderm to give rise to | the heart. skeletal muscles. mesenchyme. |
| Which of the following is an example of a serous membrane? | pleura peritoneum pericardium |
| a primary germ layer? | endoderm ectoderm mesoderm |
| Besides water, extracellular matrix contains | proteins and proteoglycans. |
| The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the | periosteum |
| Which of the following bones form the framework of the hand? | metacarpals |
| _____ fibers are present in all three types of cartilage, but they are most numerous in fibrocartilage. | Collagenous |
| Cartilage is classified as _____ tissue. | connective |
| The joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone is the | pubic symphysis. |
| Compact bone contains many cylinder-shaped structural units called | osteons |
| If you are working on an archeological dig and find the remains of a human pelvis with a subpubic angle of 110 degrees, you can assume that this pelvis belongs to a | female |
| Which of these pelvic bones is the most anteriorly placed? | pubis |
| What structures firmly hold the foot bones firmly in their arched position? | ligaments and tendons |
| Anatomically speaking, which bones compose the wrist? | carpals |
| Anteriorly, each rib of the first seven pairs attaches to the | sternum |
| Why are the last two pairs of false ribs designated as floating ribs? | Floating ribs do not attach even indirectly to the sternum. |
| The most common type of cartilage is | hyaline |
| Which two bones compose the shoulder girdle? | clavicle and scapula |
| Bone marrow is a specialized type of soft, diffuse connective tissue called | myeloid tissue. |
| The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the | patella |
| Which lower leg bone is smaller and is located laterally? | fibula |
| The bone that claims the distinction of being the only bone in the body that articulates with no other bones is the | hyoid |
| The muscle(s) assisting in rotating the arm outward is (are) the: | teres minor. |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Which of the following is true? | The knee is acting as a fulcrum. |
| The linea alba is a band of connective tissue that runs over the rectus abdominis from the xiphoid process to the pubis. | True |
| The long axes of the fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle is a description of this type of fascicle arrangement. | parallel |
| The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle and is outside the epimysium and tendon is called the | fascia |
Created by:
rballiao
Popular Anatomy sets