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Jazmine McFarlin
Anatomy: Chapter 1 -5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomical Position | Body facing you, feet placed together and flat on the floor. The head is held erect arms straight by the side with palms facing forward. |
| Superior | Above |
| Inferior | Below |
| Medial | Close to midline |
| Lateral | Side |
| Anterior (or) ventral | To the front. |
| Posterior (or) Dorsal | To the back. |
| Superficial | Near the surface |
| Deep | To the core of the body. |
| Proximal | Closer to the trunk. |
| Distal | Towards the ends of the limbs. |
| Transverse Section (or) Cross Section | Horizontal Cut |
| Coronal Section (or) Frontal Section | A cut that divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior parts. |
| Sagittal Section | One that divides the structure into left and right parts. |
| Midsagittal Section | Body is divided directly down the middle. |
| Median Section | Sectioned into 2 equal parts, such that there is a left and right half. |
| Atom | Smallest Organizational Unit. |
| Molecules | Individualized Atoms grouped into larger structures. |
| Organelles | Any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell. |
| Cell | The smallest basic unit of life that can reproduce independently and is a fundamental building block of all living organisms. *Responsible for carrying out all the basic functions of life, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction. |
| Tissues | Clustered cells that have a common function. |
| Organism | An individual animal plant or single-celled life form. |
| Organ | A part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function such as the heart or liver in humans. |
| Organ System | A group of organs working together to perform a specific function in an organism. |
| Plasma Membrane | A selectively permeable Outer barrier of all cells, consisting of phospholipid bilayer w/ embedded proteins & carbohydrates, which separates the cells interior from its environment and regulates the passage of substances in & out. |
| Axial Skeleton | Central "Axis" w/ surrounding bones: Skull/ Hyoid Bone/ Vertebral Column/ Sternum/ Ribs |
| Appendicular Skeleton | Appended or added bones to the axial consists of the pectoral girdle, upper limb bones, hip bones, lower limb bones. |
| Cartilaginous joints | bones held togeher by cartilage |
| Sternocleidmastoid Muscles | Originate from the sternum and insert on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. |
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