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AP gov unit 3 review
for test 10/17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the main parts of the federal bureaucracy? | Executive Office of the President (EOP), 15 Executive Departments, Independent Agencies |
| What is a bureaucracy? | large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of an organization |
| What is the purpose of the EOP? | provides the president with the support and services he needs to govern effectively; top officials require Senate approval |
| What are some important offices in the EOP? | Office of Management & Budget (OMB), Council of Economic Advisors (CEA), Office of Personnel Management (OMP), National Security Council (NSC) |
| What are some important positions in the EOP? | Chief of Staff, Press Secretary, White House Counsel, etc. |
| What is the purpose of executive (cabinet) departments? | handle major concerns for the federal government (foreign affairs, defense, transportation, etc.) |
| What are the three original executive (cabinet) departments? | State, Treasury, War/Defense |
| What are some common criticisms of the bureaucracy? | too big and powerful, responsibilities are often duplicated, too much red tape/rules and regulations, too difficult to fire ineffective bureaucrats |
| What are the three types of independent agencies? | independent executive agencies, independent regulatory commissions, government corporations |
| What is the purpose of independent executive agencies? | created outside the departments for narrower purposes |
| How many executive departments are there? | Fifteen (includes foreign affairs, defense, transportation, etc.) |
| Who is the head of each executive department? | S secretary appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate; followed by an undersecretary of deputy |
| What is the role of a cabinet secretary? | Run department and advise the president |
| Why do independent agencies exist? | They don't fit well into any department, protection from partisan, and the uniqueness/sensitivity of their purpose |
| What was hiring like before the civil service (before the 1900's)? | Spoils System; hired bureaucrats based on political patronage and personal loyalties |
| What is the bureaucracy responsible for? | Making rules, enforcing regulations, and issuing fines |
| How does discretionary authority work? | Congress sets general rules when making laws, but the bureaucracy is allowed to make further policy decisions. |
| What is the purpose of discretionary authority? | efficiency when passing laws, compromise, congress doesn't always have enough expertise |
| What can the president not do within the bureaucracy? | Fire civil service employees or regulatory commission heads without Congressional approval |
| What is the federal bureaucracy? | made of three parts; part of the executive branch, responsible for carrying out laws and functions of the US government, referred to as the 4th branch due to its size |
| What is the role of the executive branch? | enforce laws; headed by the president |
| What are some concerns./paradoxes of the presidency? | too much centralized power/corruption, lack of experience or leadership, practical needs of citizens not being met |
| What are the constitutional requirements to be president? | natural born citizen, 35+ years old, resident of the US for 14+ years |
| What is the order of presidential succession according to the Presidential Succession Act of 1947? | vice president, speaker of the house, president pro tempore, secretary of state, 14 other cabinet members |
| What are some informal qualifications of the president? | political experience, well educated, able to communicate effectively, pleasant and healthy appearance, ability to raise money |
| What's the purpose of an appointed vice president during the election process? | "balancing the ticket", goal is to capture a greater share of the electorate; based on ideology, age, region, experience, etc. |
| What are the two constitutional responsibilities of the Vice President? | serve as the president of the Senate and serve as president should the current one die, resign, or get removed from office |
| What are some formal powers of the president? | veto laws, sign treaties, appoint officials, commander in chief, grant pardons/amnesty, deliver the state of the union address |
| What are some informal powers of the president? | issue executive orders, executive agreements, use the bully pulpit, or issue signing statements |
| What are some roles of the president? | chief of state (ceremonial head), chief executive (decides how laws are enforced, leader of bureaucracy), chief diplomat (nation's spokesperson), chief of party, commander in chief, chief legislator (designer of public policy) |
| How can Congress check the president? | override a veto with a 2/3 vote, ratify treaties/appointments, conduct investigations |
| What is a pocket veto? | occurs if the president has not acted on a bill within the 10-day time frame and Congress has adjourned during that time |
| What is a line-item veto? | used to approve certain items in a bill, but not others; no longer an option for presidents, but governors may still use |
| What are some limitations of presidential power? | executive privilege (while they have the right to keep some communications private, the right is not absolute) and impoundment of funds (must spend appropriated money) |
| What can the president be impeached for? | treason, bribery, high crimes, and misdemeanors |
| What is the impeachment process? | two parts: first the charges are brought by the house, and then the trial is held within the Senate (must be convicted by 2/3 of the Senate to be impeached) |
| What are some ways that modern media has impacted the presidency? | candidates/officials can communicate with the public, 24/7 news, immediate responses, president uses media as bully pulpit, brief, frequent, and informal communication |
Created by:
lesley_j
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