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Stack #4531621
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bills | a proposal to make a new law or to change an existing one. It is introduced by a member of a legislature (like the U.S. Congress or a state legislature) and, if it passes both houses of the legislature and is signed by the head of government |
| Term | The designated, fixed period for which an elected official holds their office or position, such as a president serving a four-year term. |
| Session | can be annual (or regular) with a set start and end, or they can be special sessions called to address urgent or specific issues outside the normal schedule. |
| Convene | To formally assemble or call together individuals or groups for an official purpose, such as a legislative session, a court hearing, or a special meeting to address a specific issue. |
| Adjourn | To formally end a meeting, session, or proceeding, either until a specific future time (like the next day) or indefinitely. |
| Recess | is a temporary break in a legislative or judicial session. During a recess, official proceedings are halted, but government operations continue. A recess is distinct from an adjournment, which is a more permanent or formal end to a session. |
| At-large | An official elected by the entire population of a jurisdiction, such as a city or state, rather than from a specific, smaller district or ward. |
| Gerrymandering | The practice of manipulating electoral district boundaries to give an unfair advantage to a particular political party, incumbent, or demographic group. |
| Constituencies | A person who lives in an electoral district and is represented by an elected official. The group of all such people is known as a constituency. |
| Delegate | a person who is chosen or elected to represent a group of people in a political assembly or at a conference.The specific role and powers of delegates vary by context, including in US presidential elections, state legislatures. |
| Incumbent | The political party or parties that currently hold power in a country. The term can also refer to the specific individuals who currently hold political office, from a president to a local council member. |
| Expressed Powers | These powers are specifically listed, defined, and detailed within the Constitution, most notably in Article I, Section 8, which outlines Congress's enumerated powers to tax, regulate commerce, coin money, declare war, and establish courts, among others. |
| Implied Powers | Government authorities not explicitly listed in the Constitution but are assumed to be necessary and proper to carry out the government's enumerated or expressed powers. |
| Deficit Spending | The practice of spending more money than is collected in revenues (primarily taxes), requiring the government to borrow funds to cover the shortfall. |
| Eminent Domain | The government's inherent sovereign power to take private property for public use, provided the owner receives 'just compensation' for the property. |
| Naturalization | The legal process by which a foreign national voluntarily becomes a citizen of a country, specifically the United States in this context, by meeting the eligibility requirements set by Congress. |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | Grants Congress the power to make all laws that are 'necessary and proper' for carrying out its enumerated powers and executing its constitutional duties. |
| Impeach | The process of bringing charges against a government official for wrongdoing. A trial may be held, and the official may be removed from office. |
| Censure | A formal and public reprimand issued by a legislative body, such as the U.S. Congress, to express its strong disapproval of a public official's actions or conduct. |
| Speaker of the House | The highest-ranking and presiding officer of the House of Representatives, responsible for managing the House's legislative agenda, appointing committee members, and overseeing all House proceedings. |
| Party Caucus | A private meeting of members of a political party or movement, with specific functions varying depending on the context. |
| Majority Leader | The head of the majority party in a legislative body, responsible for setting the legislative agenda and guiding their party's strategy |
| Minority Leader | The floor leader of the political party with the fewest seats in a legislative body, serving as the party's chief spokesperson. |
| Whips | A political party official responsible for ensuring party discipline and unity among its members in a legislative body. |
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