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Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A test used to detect hidden blood in stool is called what? | Stool guaiac |
| What is the clear, cell-free part of blood after clotting called? | Serum |
| Which orange-yellow pigment results from the breakdown of red blood cells? | Bilirubin |
| A surgeon makes an incision into the stomach. Name the procedure. | Gastrotomy |
| What is the surgical removal of the stomach called? | Gastrectomy |
| Which procedure means incision into the mouth? | Stomatotomy |
| Which procedure means surgical repair of the mouth? | Stomatoplasty |
| Which directional term means “below another structure”? | Inferior |
| Which directional term means “above another structure”? | Superior |
| Which term means “toward the midline of the body”? | Medial |
| Which term means “farther from the point of attachment”? | Distal |
| Surgical repair of the eyelids is called what? | Blepharoplasty |
| Drooping of the eyelid is called what? | Blepharoptosis |
| Drooping of the ear is called what? | Otoptosis |
| Surgical repair or reconstruction of the ear is called what? | Otoplasty |
| Pain in a joint is called what? | Arthralgia |
| Pain in a muscle is called what? | Myalgia |
| Pain along a nerve is called what? | Neuralgia |
| Inflammation of a joint is called what? | Arthritis |
| What is the medical term for a headache? | Cephalgia |
| What is the medical term for ear pain? | Otalgia |
| An abnormally slow heart rate is called what? | Bradycardia |
| Temporary absence of breathing is called what? | Apnea |
| Abnormally slow breathing is called what? | Bradypnea |
| Abnormally rapid breathing is called what? | Tachypnea |
| Which body system breaks down and absorbs food? | Digestive system |
| Which body system secretes hormones into the blood? | Endocrine system |
| Removal of plaque from an artery is called what? | Atherectomy |
| Surgical repair or opening of a blood vessel is called what? | Angioplasty |
| Incision into a blood vessel is called what? | Angiotomy |
| Incision into a bone is called what? | Osteotomy |
| Removal of bone is called what? | Ostectomy |
| Instrument used to visually examine inside the body is called what? | Endoscope |
| The procedure of visual examination with that instrument is called what? | Endoscopy |
| Medication given directly into a vein is what route? | Intravenous |
| What does hypodermic mean? | Beneath the skin |
| What does hyperdermic (rare) literally mean? | Excessively thick/beneath skin |
| Breaking complex substances to release energy is called what? | Catabolism |
| Building complex substances from simpler ones is called what? | Anabolism |
| Which directional term means “toward the back of the body”? | Posterior |
| Which directional term means “toward the front of the body”? | Anterior |
| Which term means “closer to the point of attachment”? | Proximal |
| An abnormally large head is called what? | Macrocephaly |
| An abnormally small head is called what? | Microcephaly |
| Which term means “toward the tail or lower part of the body”? | Caudal |
| Which term means “toward the head”? | Cephalad |
| Surgical repair of the roof of the mouth is called what? | Palatoplasty |
| Visual examination of the colon is called what? | Colonoscopy |
| Visual examination of the abdominal cavity is called what? | Laparoscopy |
| Tooth decay is medically termed what? | Dental caries |
| Painful menstruation is called what? | Dysmenorrhea |
| Excessive menstrual bleeding is called what? | Menorrhagia |
| Medical term for enlarged liver is what? | Hepatomegaly |
| Medical term for inflammation of the nose is what? | Rhinitis |
| A tumor of a gland is called what? | Adenoma |
| The study of nerves is called what? | Neurology |
| Pertaining to the internal organs is described by what term? | Visceral |
| What is the medical term for the spinal cord? | Myel/o |
| What is the medical term for the spinal column? | Rachi/o (or vertebral column) |
| What is the membrane lining the abdominal cavity? | Peritoneum |
| What is the central space in the thorax between the lungs? | Mediastinum |
| A very small vein is called what? | Venule |
| A very small artery is called what? | Arteriole |
| Spread of cancer from one site to another is called what? | Metastasis |
| Increase in size of an organ or tissue is called what? | Hypertrophy |
| What does the abbreviation a.c. (ante cibum) mean? | Before meals |
| Normal thyroid function is called what? | Euthyroid |
| Backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus is called what? | Gastroesophageal reflux |
| Canker sores are medically termed what? | Aphthous stomatitis |
| Dilated veins of the esophagus are called what? | Esophageal varices |
| Telescoping of one part of intestine into another is called what? | Intussusception |
| Inflammation of the cheek mucosa is called what? | Buccalitis |
| Inflammation of the lips is called what? | Cheilitis |
| Needle puncture to remove amniotic fluid is called what? | Amniocentesis |
| Needle puncture to remove fluid from the chest cavity is called what? | Thoracentesis |
| Needle puncture to remove fluid from the abdominal cavity is called what? | Paracentesis |
| Cancer of blood-forming tissues producing excess white cells is called what? | Leukemia |
| Low red blood cell count or hemoglobin is called what? | Anemia |
| Through the liver is described by which term? | Transhepatic |
| Below the liver is described by which term? | Subhepatic |
| Inflammation of the gums is called what? | Gingivitis |
| Name the five spinal column divisions from top to bottom. | Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccyx |
| Herniation of the urinary bladder is called what? | Cystocele |
| Herniation of the rectum is called what? | Rectocele |
| Which term means “away from the midline of the body”? | Lateral |
| Which plane divides the body into right and left sides? | Sagittal plane |
| Which plane divides the body into front and back? | Frontal plane |
| Which plane divides the body into upper and lower parts? | Transverse plane |
| Lack of blood supply to tissue is called what? | Ischemia |
| The study of the shape of cells is called what? | Morphology |
| A condition affecting only one side is called what? | Unilateral |
| A reason to withhold a treatment or medication is called what? | Contraindication |
| On the opposite side is described by which term? | Contralateral |
| After childbirth is described by which term? | Postpartum |
| Before childbirth is described by which term? | Antepartum |
| Change in form or structure is called what? | Metamorphosis |
| Difficulty swallowing is called what? | Dysphagia |
| Inability to swallow is called what? | Aphagia |
| Excessive eating is called what? | Polyphagia |
| Indigestion is called what? | Dyspepsia |
| Black, tarry stools from digested blood are called what? | Melena |
| Chronic inflammatory disease of the colon is called what? | Ulcerative colitis |
| Presence of diverticula in the colon without inflammation is called what? | Diverticulosis |
| Inflammation of diverticula is called what? | Diverticulitis |
| Gallstones in the gallbladder are called what? | Cholecystolithiasis |
| Gallstones in the common bile duct are called what? | Choledocholithiasis |
| A surgical connection between two structures is called what? | Anastomosis |
| Chronic dilation of the bronchi is called what? | Bronchiectasis |
| Congenital absence or closure of the esophagus is called what? | Esophageal atresia |
| Narrowing of the esophagus is called what? | Esophageal stricture |
| Severe intestinal infection with diarrhea is called what? | Dysentery |
| Twisting of the intestine causing obstruction is called what? | Volvulus |
| Protrusion of an organ through a weak wall is called what? | Hernia |
| Intestinal blockage or failure of peristalsis is called what? | Ileus |
| Which term means “pertaining to the head”? | Cephalic |
| Lower middle abdominal region is called what? | Hypogastric region |
| Groin area of the abdomen is called what? | Inguinal region |
| Area around the navel is called what? | Umbilical region |
| Upper side regions beneath the ribs are called what? | Hypochondriac regions |
| Upper middle abdominal region is called what? | Epigastric region |
| Middle side regions of the abdomen are called what? | Lumbar regions |
| Inflammation of the bronchi is called what? | Bronchitis |
| Protrusion of the eyeball is called what? | Exophthalmos |
| Through the skin is described by which term? | Percutaneous |
| Surgical opening of the jejunum to the outside is called what? | Jejunostomy |
| Nutrition or medication given by a route other than the digestive tract is called what? | Parenteral |
| Cancer of epithelial tissue is called what? | Carcinoma |
| Cancer of connective tissue is called what? | Sarcoma |
| Removal of a salivary gland is called what? | Sialadenectomy |
| Surgical removal of the liver is called what? | Hepatectomy |
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