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Upper limbs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Humerus | Longest and largest upper limb |
| Head of humerus | - articulates with the glenoid cavity of scapula - proximal end |
| Greater tubercle of Humerus | - More lateral - big, rounded shoulder bone |
| Lesser tubercle of humerus | - smaller - located more anteromedially |
| Intertubercular sulcus (humerus) | depression that contains tendon of the biceps - between tubercles |
| Anatomical neck (Humerus) | indistinct groove that marks the former epiphyseal plate |
| Surgical neck (humerus) | -narrowing of the bone distal to the tubercles - common fractures |
| Shaft (humerus) | - length of bone |
| Deltoid tuberosity (humerus) | - on the lateral surface of shaft - toughened area where muscles attach |
| Medial and lateral epicondyles (humerus) | - bony side projection of the humerus |
| Capitulum (humerus) | - laterally - articulates with the head of the radius |
| Trochlea (humerus) | - located medially - articulates with trochlear notch of the ulna |
| Radial Fossa (humerus) | - accommodates the head of radius - anterolaterally placed |
| Coronoid fossa (humerus) | - accommodates the coronoid process of the ulna when elbow is flexed |
| Olecronon fossa (humerus) | - accommodates the olecranon of the ulna when elbow is extended. |
| Radial Groove | - adjacent to the deltoid tuberosity - radial nerve and some blood vessels travel |
| Radius | lateral - thumb side |
| Head of radius | - Articulates with the capitulum of the humerus |
| Neck of humerus | separates radial head from the radial tuberosity |
| Radial Tuberosity | - Attachment site for brachii muscle |
| Shaft of radius | curves lightly and leads to a wide distal end with styloid process |
| Styloid Process(radius) | - lateral end of the shaft - - wrist bone |
| Ulnar notch (radius) | - medial surface of radius articulates with the distal end of the ulna - forms distal radioulnar joint |
| Ulna | - longer medial bone of forearm |
| Trochlear notch (ulna) | - interlocks with trochlea of the humerus - c shaped - anterior to olecranon |
| Olecranon (ulna) | - posterior to trochlear notch - articulates with the olecranon fossa of humerus and forms bump |
| Coronoid process (Ulna) | - inferior lip of trochlear notch - articulates with the humerus at the coronoid fossa |
| Radial notch | - accommodates the head of the radius - forms proximal radioulnar joint - lateral to coronoid process |
| Tuberosity of ulna | - proximal end |
| Head of ulna | - distal end of ulna |
| Styloid Process | - pinky finger side of wrist bone. |
| Interosseous Borders (radius, ulna) | - face each other - connected by interosseous membrane - |
| Interosseous Membrane | - dense regular connective tissue - keeps bones at a good distance and able to move |
| Carpals | - small short bones that form the wrist - 8 bones - Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, pisiform - Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate |
| Scaphoid | proximal, lateral - boat |
| Lunate | Proximal - moon |
| Triquetrum | proximal - 3 cornered |
| Pisiform | Proximal - Pea appearence |
| Trapezium | Distal, lateral - Table |
| Trapezoid | distal |
| Capitate | Distal - head |
| Hamate | distal - Hook |
| Metacarpals | bones in the palm of hand - 5 bones I(thumb)-V |
| Phalanges | - bones of digits/fingers - 14 in total - 3 in each finger, 2 in thumb |
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