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AP 2: Chapter 17
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Functions of blood | distribution, regulation, and protection |
| Functions of blood | distribution, regulation, and protection |
| What is transported in/by blood? | carbon dioxide |
| What is transported in/by blood? | carbon dioxide |
| What is delivered to cells by blood? | oxygen |
| What is delivered to cells by blood? | oxygen |
| What variables does blood help maintain homeostasis for? | body temperature, tissue pH, and blood volume |
| What variables does blood help maintain homeostasis for? | body temperature, tissue pH, and blood volume |
| How is blood protective? | prevents infection and blood loss |
| What type of tissue is blood? | fluid connective tissue |
| What percentage is plasma? | 55% |
| What percentage is plasma? | 55% |
| What percentage is formed elements? | 100% |
| What percentage is formed elements? | 100% |
| What % of blood would be RBC? | 45% |
| What % of blood would be RBC? | 45% |
| What % of a blood sample would be WBC and platelets? | <1% |
| What % of a blood sample would be WBC and platelets? | <1% |
| What are formed elements? | cells or cell fragments made by the bone marrow |
| Where are all formed elements made? | red bone marrow |
| What hematocrit a measure of? | the portion of the blood that is composed of packed red blood cells |
| What are normal values for hematocrit in males and females? | Adult Males: 47% ± 5%, Adult Female: 42% ± 5% |
| Why is male hematocrit higher? | Testosterone stimulates RBC production |
| Would hematocrit increase or decrease in polycythemia? | increase |
| Would hematocrit increase or decrease in anemia? | decrease |
| polycythemia | body is making too many red blood cells |
| anemia | body is not making enough red blood cells or hemoglobin |
| Plasma is mostly made of | water |
| Name some substances dissolved in plasma | nutrients, hormones, ions, waste products, and gases (O2 and CO2) |
| Where are all plasma proteins made? | liver |
| Which plasma protein is the most common? | Albumin |
| Which plasma protein is responsible for generating osmotic pressure? | Albumin |
| Which plasma protein transports ions and vitamins? | Globulin |
| Which plasma proteins are antibodies? | Globulin |
| Which plasma proteins are involved with blood clotting? | Fibrinogen |
| What is the correct term for a RBC? | Erythrocytes |
| What is the correct term for a WBC? | Leukocytes |
| What is the mnemonic to remember the names and frequency of the WBC? | Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas |
| Do RBC have a nucleus? | no |
| Are platelets whole cells or fragments of cells? | fragments of cells |
| What is the meaning of the term hematopoiesis | blood cell formation |
| Where does hematopoiesis take place? | red bone marrow |
| When a hemocytoblast differentiates it can follow one of two pathways. Name the two progenitor cells for the pathways? | myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells |
| The major stem cell in red bone marrow that gives rise to all blood cells is: | hemocytoblast |
| Which cells come from the lymphoid progenitor? What is the differentiated stem cell that gives rise to basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages? h. Name the differentiated stem cell that gives rise to platelets? i. Why does a bone marrow tra | B lymphocyte, T lymphocyte |
| Which cells come from the myeloid progenitor? | erythrocyte, mast cell, and Megakaryocyte |
| What is the differentiated stem cell that gives rise to basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages | Myeloblast |
| Name the differentiated stem cell that gives rise to platelets? | Megakaryocyte |
| Describe what a RBC looks like? | Small biconcave discs |
| What is the term for the shape of the RBC? | biconcave |
| Do RBC have a nucleus? | no |
| Do RBC have a mitochondria? | no |
| Do RBC do aerobic or anaerobic respiration?: | aerobic |
| Can a RBC repair itself if damaged? | no |
| What protein are red blood cells full of? | hemoglobin |
| What is the function of RBC? | transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and carry carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs |
| The hemoglobin consists of 4 polypeptide chains called: ______ | globins |
| There are usually _____ alpha chains and ______ beta chains | 2, 2 |
| c. Each globin chain has a __________ attached which holds the metal __iron_________ | heme group |
| The only place oxygen can bind to on the hemoglobin is the _________ | iron atom |
| How many oxygen can 1 hemoglobin bind? | 4 |
| Approx. how many hemoglobins are in a RBC? | 250 million |
| What color does hemoglobin turn when it is oxygenated? | bright red |
| If oxygen is bound it is referred to as: | Oxyhemoglobin |
| What color does hemoglobin turn when it is deoxygenated? | dark red |
| If no oxygen is bound, it is referred to as: | Deoxyhemoglobin |
Created by:
Tomiii
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