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Anatomy vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abdominal cavity | space bounded by abdominal walls, the diaphragm, and the pelvis |
| Abdominopelvic cavity | continuous internal opening that includes the abdominal and pelvic cavities |
| anatomical position | erect standing position with arms at sides and palms facing forward |
| anatomy | the study of the form or structure of living things, including plants, animals, and humans |
| anterior (ventral) body cavity | continuous internal opening that includes the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
| cranial cavity | opening inside the skull the holds the brain |
| frontal plane | an invisible, vertical flat surface that divides the body into front and back halves |
| metric system | International system of measurement that is used in all fields of science |
| middle ear cavities | openings in the skull that serve as chambers for transmitting and amplifying sound |
| nasal cavity | opening within the nose |
| oral cavity | opening within the mouth |
| orbital cavity | openings that hold the eyes |
| pelvic cavity | internal opening that holds the reproductive and excretory organs |
| posterior (dorsal) body cavity | continuous internal opening near the back of the body that includes the cranial and spinal cavities |
| sagittal plane | and invisible, vertical flat surface and divides the body into right and left halves |
| spinal cavity | the internal opening that houses the spinal cord |
| thoracic cavity | the internal opening that houses the heart and lungs |
| transverse plane | an invisible, horizontal flat surface the divides the body into top and bottom halves |
| physiology | the study of how living function and work |
| atoms | tiny particles of matter |
| cells | the smallest living building blocks of all organisms |
| control center | system the receives and analyzes information from sensory receptors, then sends a command stimulus to an effector to help maintain homeostasis |
| effector | unit that receives a command stimulus from the control center and causes an action to help maintain homeostasis 9 |
| homeostasis | a state of regulated physiological balance |
| homeostatic imbalance | a state in which there is a diminished ability for the organ systems to keep the body's internal environment within normal ranges |
| homeostatic mechanisms | the processes that maintain homeostasis |
| metabolic rate | the speed at which the body consumes energy |
| metabolism | all chemical reactions that occur within an organism to maintain life |
| molecules | chemical combinations of 2 or more atoms |
| negative feedback | mechanism that reverses a condition that has exceeded the normal homeostatic range to restore homeostasis |
| organ | body part organized to preform a specific function |
| organ system | 2 or more organs working together to perform a specific function |
| positive feedback | mechanism that further increases a condition that has exceeded the normal homeostatic range |
| receptor | transmitter that senses environmental change |
| tissues | organized groups of similar cells |
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