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Module 2

Learning Objectives - Cardiovascular and Lymphatic

QuestionAnswer
Describe the functions of the cardiovascular system Transportation, distributing heat, keeps pH and osmotic balance, prevents blood loss, facilitates healing, defense against disease.
Describe the location of the heart within the thoracic cavity In the mediastinum. (Between the lungs, resting on the diaphragm,) Mediastinum also includes the trachea and esophagus
What is the location, structure, and function of the pericardium? Fibrous sac - 3 layers. Anchors heart to other structures, lubricates heart for movement, prevents heart from overfilling.
What are the layers of the pericardium? From superficial to deep we have: fibrous pericardium, parietal layer of serous pericardium, visceral layer of serous pericardium
What are the layers of the cardiac wall? Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Describe the epicardium Outer layer, same as visceral layer of serous pericardium
Describe the myocardium Cardiac muscle layer, contracts
Describe the endocradium Inner lining of the heart. Simple squamous epithelium and thin connective tissue.
What are the 4 chambers of the heart? Right atrium, Left atrium Right ventricle, Left ventricle
Describe the job and structure of the right atrium Receives deoxygenated blood from body and heart. Has pectinate muscles, thinner than ventricles
Describe the job and structure of the right ventricle Pushed deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Has papillary muscles
Describe the job and structure of the left atrium Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. Has pectinate muscles
Describe the job and structure of the left ventricle Pumps oxygenated blood to the body. Left ventricle wall is very thick
What are the major vessels of the heart? Vena cava (superior and inferior), pulmonary trunk, aorta, and pulmonary veins
What are the valves of the heart? (From left to right) Right AV valve (tricuspid), Right semilunar (pulmonary), Left semilunar (aortic valve), Left AV valve (mitral/bicuspid)
What do the chordae tendineae do? Connect valves to papillary muscles of ventricular walls. This helps prevent valve flaps from opening when ventricles contract and prevents backflow.
What is the path of blood flow in the heart? SA node, AV node, AV bundle (bundle of His), Bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
What is the cardiac cycle? Atrial systole, v
Created by: Chloesims77
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