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Supreme Court Quiz 1
Supreme court cases and some key terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| SCOTUS | Supreme Court of the United States |
| Facts | The relevant events of a case that occured before courts became involved |
| Issue | A legal or constitutional question the court considers in a case |
| Holding | The court's response to the issue being considered in a case |
| Reasoning | The court's explanation of a holding |
| Decision | The outcome of a case that includes a discussion of the facts, issue, holding, and reasoning |
| opinion | An analysis of the court's decision written by the justices. The majority opinion is agreed upon by more than half of the judges |
| Marbury vs. Madison (1803) | In deciding this case about judicial appointments, the courts established the principle of judicial review, empowering the supreme courts to declare an act of the legislative or executive branch unconstitutional. |
| Mcculloch vs. Maryland (1813) | In deciding this case about national bank and state taxes, the court established supremacy of the US constitution and federal laws, over state laws. |
| Schenck vs. United States | speech creating a "clear and present danger" was not protected by the first amendment and could be limited |
| Brown vs. Board of education (1954) | Race-based school segregation violates the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment |
| Baker vs. Carr (1962) | This case held that redistricting did not raise political questions, allowing federal courts to hear other cases that challenged redistricting plans that may violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment |
| Engel vs. Vitale (1962) | School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause of the first amendment |
| Gideon Vs. Wainwright (1963) | In this case the 6th amendment's right to an attorney extends procedural due process protections to felony defendants in state courts |
| Tinker vs. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) | A prohibition against public school students wearing black armbands in school to protest the Vietnam war violated the students' freedom of speech protections in the first amendment |
| New York times Co. vs. United States (1971) | This case bolstered the freedom of the press protections of the first amendment, establishing a "heavy presumption against prior restraint" even in cases involving national security |
| Wisconsin Vs. Yoder (1972) | Compelling Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade violates the free excessive clause of the first amendment |
| Shaw vs Reno (1993) | Under the 14th amendments equal protection clause, majority-minority districts, created under the voting rights act of 1965, may be constitutionally challenged by voters if race is the only factor used in creating the district. |
| United States vs. Lopez (1995) | Congress exceeded its power under the commerce clause when it made possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime |
| Mcdonald vs Chicago (2010) | The second amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defence is applicable to the states |
| Citizens united vs. Federal election commission (2010) | Political spending by corporations, associations, and labor unions is a form of protected speech under the first amendment |
Created by:
suiter.mayhew
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