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A&P Unit 1 Part B
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| di- | two |
| glyc- | sweet |
| lip- | fat |
| -lyte | dissolvable |
| mono- | one |
| poly- | many |
| sacchar- | sugar |
| syn- | together |
| di | two |
| mono | one |
| poly | many |
| sacchar | sugar, sweet |
| lyte dissolvable | |
| glyc | sugar |
| lip | fat |
| syn | together |
| Elements | any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| Atoms | smallest unit of matter |
| Molecules | Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| Chemical bonds | are forces that hold atoms together |
| Nucleus | Center of an atom |
| Proton | A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| Neutron | A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| Electron | A subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic weight | the number of protons plus the number of neutrons |
| Isotopes | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| radioactive | elements that spontaneously emit radiation |
| inert | inactive |
| Ions | Charged atoms |
| ionic bond | A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. |
| covalent bond | A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons |
| polar | having a pair of equal and opposite charges |
| Hydrogen bonds | a weak attraction between a hydrogen atom (covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine) and another nearby electronegative atom with a lone pair of electrons. |
| compounds | 2 or more elements chemically combined |
| molecular formula | shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound |
| structural formula | a formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in the molecule of a compound. |
| synthesis | make or produce |
| decomposition | A chemical reaction that breaks down compounds into simpler products. |
| exchange reaction | Chemical reaction in which bonds are both made and broken; atoms become combined with different atoms. |
| reverse reaction | Process where products convert back to reactants. |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
| Electrolytes | minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance |
| Acids | substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
| Bases | Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. |
| Potential Hydrogen(pH) | A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution |
| Buffers | weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH |
| organic | Contains carbon |
| Solvent | A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances |
| Solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solution. |
| Carbohydrates | the starches and sugars present in foods |
| Lipids | fats and oils |
| Triglycerides | an energy rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid. |
| Phospholipids | A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail. |
| Steroids | A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached. |
| Proteins | Chains of amino acids |
| nucleic acids | macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus |
| amino acids | a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group. |
| conformation | Precise, three dimensional shape of a protein or other macromolecule, based on the spatial location of its atoms in relation to one another. |
| nucleotides | Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and one of 4 DNA bases |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of |
| RNA | single -stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose |
Created by:
KellyKirvin
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