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CT Types
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Protein fibers in connective types | 1) collagen fibers 2) reticular fibers 3) elastic fibers |
| Ground substance | - made by the primary cell type of the tissue - usually gel-like, but can be hard - cushions, protects, reinforces body structures - holds tissue fluid |
| Collagen fibers | - strongest, resist tension |
| Reticular fibers | - bundles of special type of collagen - cover and support structures |
| Elastic fibers | - contain elastin - recoil after stretching |
| Loose areolar connective tissue (structure and function) | - supports & binds other tissues - holds body fluids - defends against infection (important role in inflammation) - stores nutrients as fat - has all 3 fiber types |
| Loose areolar connective tissue (location) | - widely distributed under epithelia - forms lamina propria of mucous membranes - packages organs - surrounds capillaries |
| Loose areolar connective tissue (composition) | Tissue fluid - water fluid occupies extracellular matrix - tissue fluid derives from blood Ground Substance - viscous, spongy part of extracellular matrix - consists of sugars and proteins - made and secreted by fibroblasts |
| Loose adipose tissue (structure) | - nucleus pushed to one side - richly vascularized - closely packed adipocytes |
| Loose adipose tissue (function) | - provides reserve food fuel - insulates against heat loss - supports and protects organs |
| Loose adipose tissue (location) | - under the skin - around kidneys - behind eyeballs, within abdomen, in breasts - hypodermis |
| Loose reticular connective tissue (structure and function) | - fibers form a strong 3-D network that makes a soft internal skeleton (stroma) with spaces that support matrix and cells - a network of only reticular fibers and loose ground substance |
| Loose reticular connective tissue (location) | - lymph nodes - bone marrow - spleen |
| Dense irregular connective tissue (structure and function) | - primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers - some elastic fibers - fibroblast is main cell type - able to withstand tension exerted in many directions - provides structural strength |
| Dense irregular connective tissue (location) | - dermis of skin - submucosa of digestive tract - fibrous capsules of joints and organs |
| Dense regular connective tissue (structure and function) | - primarily parallel collagen fibers, some elastic fibers - fibroblasts are common cell type - form fascia - attach muscle to bone, bone to bone - withstand great stress in one direction |
| Fascia | - - layers of fibrous, dense, regular connective tissue that cover and separate muscles and other structures |
| Dense regular connective tissue (location) | - tendons and ligaments - aponeuroses - fascia around muscles |
| Aponeuroses | - sheetlike fibrous membranes that join muscle and the body parts the muscle acts upon |
| Elastic connective tissue (structure and function) | - predominantly elastic fibers - allow recoil after stretching - maintain pulsatile flows of blood in arteries and recoil in lungs after breathing |
| Elastic connective tissue (location) | - within walls of arteries - surrounding bronchial tubes - in certain ligaments |
| Hyaline cartilage (structure) | - imperceptible collagen fibers - amorphous but firm matrix - chondroblasts produce matrix - chondrocytes lie in lacunae |
| Hyaline cartilage (function) | - support and reinforcement - resilient cushion - resists repetitive compressive stress |
| Hyaline cartilage (location) | - embryonic/fetal skeleton - ends of long bones - in joint cavities - costal cartilage of ribs - cartilages of nose, trachea, larynx |
| Elastic cartilage | - more elastic fibers than in hyaline cartilage - maintains shape of structure - allows great flexibility - located in the external ear, epiglottis |
| Fibrocartilage | - matrix less firm than hyaline cartilage - thick collagen fibers predominate - tensile strength and ability to absorb compressive shock - located in intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, discs of knee joint |
| Bone | - gel-like GS calcified with inorganic salts - matrix contains many collagen fibers - osteoblasts secrete collagen fibers and matrix - osteocytes are mature bone cells: in lacunae |
| Cutaneous membrane | - skin covering outer surface of body - outer epithelium = thick epidermis - inner CT = dense dermis - dry membrane |
| Mucous membrane | - lines hollow organs that open to surface of body - wet and moist membranes - consist of an epithelial sheet underlain with a layer of lamina propria |
| Serous membrane | - simple squamous epithelium lying on areolar CT - produces a slippery fluid - lines closed cavities (pleural, peritoneal, pericardial cavities) |
| Inflammation (symptoms) | - heat - redness - swelling - pain - nearby blood vessels are dilated by histamine |
| Edema | - accumulation of fluid - helps dilute toxins secreted by pathogen - brings oxygen and nutrients from blood - brings antibodies from blood to fight infection |
| Stages of tissue repair | - Regeneration: replacement of destroyed tissue with same type of tissue - Fibrosis: proliferation of scar tissue - Organization: clot is replaced by granulation tissue |
Created by:
peckman12
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